महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-162, verse-47

एवमुक्तः स सुहृदा तदा तेन हितैषिणा ।
प्रत्युवाच ततो राजन्विनिश्चित्य तदार्तवत् ॥४७॥

47. evamuktaḥ sa suhṛdā tadā tena hitaiṣiṇā ,
pratyuvāca tato rājanviniścitya tadārtavat.

47. evam uktaḥ saḥ suhṛdā tadā tena hitaiṣiṇā
pratyuvāca tataḥ rājan viniścitya tat ārtavat

47. rājan tadā tena hitaiṣiṇā suhṛdā evam uktaḥ
saḥ tataḥ tat viniścitya ārtavat pratyuvāca

47. O King, when he was thus addressed by that well-wishing friend, he then replied, having considered the situation with distress.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (by someone) (spoken, said, addressed, declared)

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

• सुहृदा (suhṛdā) - by the friend, by the kind-hearted one

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• तेन (tena) - by him, by that

• हितैषिणा (hitaiṣiṇā) - by the well-wisher, by the one wishing good

• प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - he replied, he spoke back

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• विनिश्चित्य (viniścitya) - having carefully considered or decided (having ascertained, having determined, having resolved)

• तत् (tat) - referring to the advice or situation (that, that thing, that matter)

• आर्तवत् (ārtavat) - like a distressed person, sorrowfully, distressedly

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (by someone) (spoken, said, addressed, declared)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told, declared

Past Passive Participle

from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ' (he).

सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Nominative masculine singular of the demonstrative pronoun 'tad'.

सुहृदा (suhṛdā) - by the friend, by the kind-hearted one

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of suhṛd

suhṛd - friend, kind-hearted, benevolent

compound of su (good) + hṛd (heart)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+hṛd)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• hṛd – heart, mind, soul
  noun (neuter)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

from pronoun 'tad'

तेन (tena) - by him, by that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine instrumental singular of 'tad', referring to the friend.

हितैषिणा (hitaiṣiṇā) - by the well-wisher, by the one wishing good

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of hitaiṣin

hitaiṣin - well-wisher, friend, benevolent, desiring good

compound of hita (beneficial) + eṣin (desiring)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hita+eṣin)

• hita – beneficial, good, suitable, advantageous
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root dhā (to place) + i
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• eṣin – desiring, seeking, wishing
  adjective (masculine)
  present active participle
  from root iṣ (to wish, desire)
  Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'suhṛdā'.

प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - he replied, he spoke back

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect (liṭ)

from prati- + root vac (to speak)

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Perfect form of 'vac' with prefix 'prati'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

adverbial derivative of tad

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign, ruler

विनिश्चित्य (viniścitya) - having carefully considered or decided (having ascertained, having determined, having resolved)

(indeclinable)

absolutive / gerund

formed with prefixes vi- + ni- + root ści- (to cut, to determine) or its causal/intensive forms, or from a root ci with prefixes

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Indeclinable participle (absolutive/gerund).

तत् (tat) - referring to the advice or situation (that, that thing, that matter)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Neuter accusative singular, functioning as object of 'viniścitya'.

आर्तवत् (ārtavat) - like a distressed person, sorrowfully, distressedly

(indeclinable)

from 'ārta' (distressed) with suffix -vat (like, possessing)

Note: Adverb.