महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-162, verse-4

दुर्लभो हि सुहृच्छ्रोता दुर्लभश्च हितः सुहृत् ।
एतद्धर्मभृतां श्रेष्ठ सर्वं व्याख्यातुमर्हसि ॥४॥

4. durlabho hi suhṛcchrotā durlabhaśca hitaḥ suhṛt ,
etaddharmabhṛtāṁ śreṣṭha sarvaṁ vyākhyātumarhasi.

4. durlabhaḥ hi suhṛt śrotā durlabhaḥ ca hitaḥ suhṛt
etat dharmabhṛtām śreṣṭha sarvam vyākhyātum arhasi

4. hi suhṛt śrotā durlabhaḥ ca hitaḥ suhṛt durlabhaḥ
etat sarvam dharmabhṛtām śreṣṭha vyākhyātum arhasi

4. Indeed, a well-meaning listener is rare, and a helpful friend is also rare. O best among those who uphold natural law (dharma), you should explain all this.

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्लभः (durlabhaḥ) - difficult to obtain, rare

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• सुहृत् (suhṛt) - friend, well-wisher, kind-hearted

• श्रोता (śrotā) - listener, hearer

• दुर्लभः (durlabhaḥ) - difficult to obtain, rare

• च (ca) - and

• हितः (hitaḥ) - beneficial, salutary, good, friend

• सुहृत् (suhṛt) - friend, well-wisher, kind-hearted

• एतत् (etat) - this, all this

• धर्मभृताम् (dharmabhṛtām) - among the upholders of dharma

• श्रेष्ठ (śreṣṭha) - O best one! (vocative) (best, most excellent)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole

• व्याख्यातुम् (vyākhyātum) - to explain, to expound

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you are able, you should, you deserve

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्लभः (durlabhaḥ) - difficult to obtain, rare

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durlabha

durlabha - hard to obtain, rare, difficult, unattainable

Compound of dur (bad, difficult) + labh (to obtain)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+labha)

• dur – bad, difficult, hard
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• labha – obtaining, acquisition, gain
  noun/adjective (masculine/neuter)
  From root labh
  Root: labh (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

सुहृत् (suhṛt) - friend, well-wisher, kind-hearted

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suhṛd

suhṛd - friend, well-wisher, kind-hearted

Compound of su (good) + hṛd (heart)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+hṛd)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix/adverb
• hṛd – heart, mind, soul
  noun (neuter)

Note: The final 'd' of 'hṛd' undergoes sandhi to 't' before 'śrotā'.

श्रोता (śrotā) - listener, hearer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrotṛ

śrotṛ - listener, hearer, one who hears

Agent noun

From root śru (to hear) with suffix tṛ

Root: śru (class 5)

दुर्लभः (durlabhaḥ) - difficult to obtain, rare

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durlabha

durlabha - hard to obtain, rare, difficult, unattainable

Compound of dur (bad, difficult) + labh (to obtain)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+labha)

• dur – bad, difficult, hard
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• labha – obtaining, acquisition, gain
  noun/adjective (masculine/neuter)
  From root labh
  Root: labh (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

हितः (hitaḥ) - beneficial, salutary, good, friend

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hita

hita - placed, put, beneficial, salutary, good, friend

Past Passive Participle

From root dhā (to place) -> 'hi' in perfect, 'hita' in past participle

Root: dhā (class 3)

सुहृत् (suhṛt) - friend, well-wisher, kind-hearted

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suhṛd

suhṛd - friend, well-wisher, kind-hearted

Compound of su (good) + hṛd (heart)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+hṛd)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix/adverb
• hṛd – heart, mind, soul
  noun (neuter)

एतत् (etat) - this, all this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to the whole topic of discussion.

धर्मभृताम् (dharmabhṛtām) - among the upholders of dharma

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dharmabhṛt

dharmabhṛt - upholder of dharma (natural law/constitution), righteous

Agent noun (t-stem)

Compound of dharma + bhṛt (bearing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+bhṛt)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold, to support)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• bhṛt – bearing, carrying, supporting, one who bears/supports
  noun/adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root bhṛ
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)

श्रेष्ठ (śreṣṭha) - O best one! (vocative) (best, most excellent)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, supreme, chief

Superlative of praśasya (praiseworthy)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Pronominal adjective

Note: Refers to the matter mentioned in the preceding lines.

व्याख्यातुम् (vyākhyātum) - to explain, to expound

(verb)

active, infinitive of vyākhyā

Infinitive

From vi + ā + root khyā (to tell, to see)

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you are able, you should, you deserve

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of arh

Present tense, 2nd person singular

Present indicative, parasmaipada.

Root: arh (class 1)