महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-162, verse-2

कीदृशा मानवाः सौम्याः कैः प्रीतिः परमा भवेत् ।
आयत्यां च तदात्वे च के क्षमास्तान्वदस्व मे ॥२॥

2. kīdṛśā mānavāḥ saumyāḥ kaiḥ prītiḥ paramā bhavet ,
āyatyāṁ ca tadātve ca ke kṣamāstānvadasva me.

2. kīdṛśāḥ mānavāḥ saumyāḥ kaiḥ prītiḥ paramā bhavet
āyatyām ca tadātve ca ke kṣamāḥ tān vadasva me

2. saumyāḥ mānavāḥ kīdṛśāḥ kaiḥ paramā prītiḥ bhavet
āyatyām ca tadātve ca ke kṣamāḥ tān me vadasva

2. What kind of people are gentle? With whom should one have the greatest affection? Who are competent both for the present and for the future? Please tell me about them.

Words meanings summery:

• कीदृशाः (kīdṛśāḥ) - of what kind, what sort

• मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - human beings, men, people

• सौम्याः (saumyāḥ) - gentle, amiable, mild, benevolent

• कैः (kaiḥ) - by whom, with whom

• प्रीतिः (prītiḥ) - affection, love, friendship, pleasure

• परमा (paramā) - highest, greatest, supreme

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, would be

• आयत्याम् (āyatyām) - in the future

• च (ca) - and

• तदात्वे (tadātve) - in the present, at that time

• च (ca) - and

• के (ke) - who

• क्षमाः (kṣamāḥ) - capable, competent, fit

• तान् (tān) - them

• वदस्व (vadasva) - tell, speak

• मे (me) - to me, my

Words meanings and morphology

कीदृशाः (kīdṛśāḥ) - of what kind, what sort

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kīdṛśa

kīdṛśa - of what kind, what sort, such as

From kim (what) + dṛś (to see) + suffix ka

Root: dṛś (class 1)

मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - human beings, men, people

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mānava

mānava - a human being, man, descendant of Manu

Derived from manu with aṇ suffix.

सौम्याः (saumyāḥ) - gentle, amiable, mild, benevolent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saumya

saumya - relating to Soma, lunar, gentle, mild, benevolent

From soma with ya suffix.

कैः (kaiḥ) - by whom, with whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kim

kim - what, who, which

Interrogative pronoun

प्रीतिः (prītiḥ) - affection, love, friendship, pleasure

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prīti

prīti - pleasure, joy, love, affection, friendship

From root prī (to please)

Root: prī (class 9)

परमा (paramā) - highest, greatest, supreme

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of parama

parama - highest, greatest, supreme, best, ultimate

Superlative form of para (other, distant)

भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Optative mood, 3rd person singular

Present optative, parasmaipada.

Root: bhū (class 1)

आयत्याम् (āyatyām) - in the future

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of āyati

āyati - future, coming, consequence

From ā (prefix) + root yam (to go, to reach)

Prefix: ā

Root: yam (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

तदात्वे (tadātve) - in the present, at that time

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tadātva

tadātva - the present, the then present

From tadā (then) + tva (suffix for state/nature)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

के (ke) - who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - what, who, which

Interrogative pronoun

क्षमाः (kṣamāḥ) - capable, competent, fit

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣama

kṣama - capable, competent, fit, patient, enduring

From root kṣam (to be patient, to be able)

Root: kṣam (class 1)

तान् (tān) - them

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun

वदस्व (vadasva) - tell, speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present imperative (loṭ) of vad

Imperative mood, 2nd person singular

Present imperative, ātmanepada.

Root: vad (class 1)

मे (me) - to me, my

(pronoun)

singular of aham

aham - I, myself

Pronominal dative/genitive singular of aham.