महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-162, verse-27

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
विस्तरेणार्थसंबन्धं श्रोतुमिच्छामि पार्थिव ।
मित्रद्रोही कृतघ्नश्च यः प्रोक्तस्तं च मे वद ॥२७॥

27. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
vistareṇārthasaṁbandhaṁ śrotumicchāmi pārthiva ,
mitradrohī kṛtaghnaśca yaḥ proktastaṁ ca me vada.

27. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca vistareṇa arthasambandham śrotum icchāmi
pārthiva mitradrohī kṛtaghnaḥ ca yaḥ proktaḥ tam ca me vada

27. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca pārthiva vistareṇa arthasambandham śrotum
icchāmi yaḥ ca mitradrohī kṛtaghnaḥ proktaḥ tam ca me vada

27. Yudhiṣṭhira said: O King, I wish to hear the detailed connection of the meaning (or context). And please tell me about the one who is described as a betrayer of friends and ungrateful.

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of a king, eldest Pandava)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively

• अर्थसम्बन्धम् (arthasambandham) - connection of meaning, relation of purpose, context

• श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear, in order to hear

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O King, O ruler of the earth

• मित्रद्रोही (mitradrohī) - betrayer of friends, hostile to friends

• कृतघ्नः (kṛtaghnaḥ) - ungrateful person

• च (ca) - and, also

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• प्रोक्तः (proktaḥ) - described, declared, said

• तम् (tam) - him, that one

• च (ca) - and, also

• मे (me) - to me, for me

• वद (vada) - speak, tell

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of a king, eldest Pandava)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira, steady in battle

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight (locative case form)
  noun (feminine)
• sthira – firm, steady, constant
  adjective (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vistara

vistara - extent, detail, elaboration

अर्थसम्बन्धम् (arthasambandham) - connection of meaning, relation of purpose, context

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arthasambandha

arthasambandha - connection of meaning, relevance, context

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (artha+sambandha)

• artha – meaning, purpose, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)
• sambandha – connection, relation, association
  noun (masculine)

श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear, in order to hear

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

derived from root `śru` with suffix `-tum`

Root: śru (class 5)

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O King, O ruler of the earth

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, ruler, earthly

मित्रद्रोही (mitradrohī) - betrayer of friends, hostile to friends

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mitradrohin

mitradrohin - betraying friends, hostile to friends

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mitra+drohin)

• mitra – friend, companion
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• drohin – injuring, betraying, hostile
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  Root: druh (class 4)

कृतघ्नः (kṛtaghnaḥ) - ungrateful person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtaghna

kṛtaghna - ungrateful, one who destroys good deeds

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (kṛta+ghna)

• kṛta – done, made, good deed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• ghna – slayer, destroyer (from root `han`)
  suffix/noun
  Root: han (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

प्रोक्तः (proktaḥ) - described, declared, said

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prokta

prokta - said, declared, spoken, described

Past Passive Participle

derived from root `vac` with prefix `pra`

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

तम् (tam) - him, that one

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - to me, for me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

वद (vada) - speak, tell

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vad

Root: vad (class 1)