महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-92, verse-8

प्रतीप उवाच ।
मयातिवृत्तमेतत्ते यन्मां चोदयसि प्रियम् ।
अन्यथा प्रतिपन्नं मां नाशयेद्धर्मविप्लवः ॥८॥

8. pratīpa uvāca ,
mayātivṛttametatte yanmāṁ codayasi priyam ,
anyathā pratipannaṁ māṁ nāśayeddharmaviplavaḥ.

8. pratīpaḥ uvāca mayā ativṛttam etat te yat mām codayasi
priyam anyathā pratipannam mām nāśayet dharmaviplavaḥ

8. Prateepa said, 'This matter, by which you urge me to do what is pleasing, would be a transgression for me. Otherwise, if I were to accept you, a violation of dharma would certainly destroy me.'

Words meanings summery:

• प्रतीपः (pratīpaḥ) - Prateepa (name of a king)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• मया (mayā) - by me (instrumental singular)

• अतिवृत्तम् (ativṛttam) - a transgression (if he were to accept) (transgressed, violated, elapsed, passed beyond)

• एतत् (etat) - refers to the situation/request (this (neuter nominative singular))

• ते (te) - related to you (dative of interest or genitive of possession) (for you, to you, of you)

• यत् (yat) - connecting clause: 'by which' or 'in that' (that which, by which)

• माम् (mām) - me (accusative singular)

• चोदयसि (codayasi) - you urge, you incite, you command

• प्रियम् (priyam) - that which is dear to her, a pleasing thing (dear, beloved, agreeable, (a) favorite thing)

• अन्यथा (anyathā) - if I were to act contrary to my vow (otherwise, in a different manner)

• प्रतिपन्नम् (pratipannam) - having accepted (you) (accepted, undertaken, obtained)

• माम् (mām) - object of 'nāśayet' ('would destroy me') (me (accusative singular))

• नाशयेत् (nāśayet) - would destroy, would cause to perish

• धर्मविप्लवः (dharmaviplavaḥ) - violation of dharma, transgression of duty

Words meanings and morphology

प्रतीपः (pratīpaḥ) - Prateepa (name of a king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratīpa

pratīpa - Prateepa (proper name), contrary, opposite, reverse

Prefix: prati

Root: i (class 2)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

root vac (2nd class) in perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

मया (mayā) - by me (instrumental singular)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Agent.

अतिवृत्तम् (ativṛttam) - a transgression (if he were to accept) (transgressed, violated, elapsed, passed beyond)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ativṛtta

ativṛtta - transgressed, violated, passed away, bygone

Past Passive Participle

from verb ati-vṛt 'to pass beyond, transgress'

Prefix: ati

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Predicate for 'etat'.

एतत् (etat) - refers to the situation/request (this (neuter nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Subject.

ते (te) - related to you (dative of interest or genitive of possession) (for you, to you, of you)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

यत् (yat) - connecting clause: 'by which' or 'in that' (that which, by which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that, what

Note: Relative pronoun, refers to 'etat'.

माम् (mām) - me (accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Object of 'codayasi'.

चोदयसि (codayasi) - you urge, you incite, you command

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of cud

Present Active (Causative)

causative of root cud (10th class) in present tense, 2nd person singular

Root: cud (class 10)

प्रियम् (priyam) - that which is dear to her, a pleasing thing (dear, beloved, agreeable, (a) favorite thing)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, agreeable, a beloved object

Note: Acts as an object or predicate noun with 'yat'.

अन्यथा (anyathā) - if I were to act contrary to my vow (otherwise, in a different manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial.

प्रतिपन्नम् (pratipannam) - having accepted (you) (accepted, undertaken, obtained)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pratipanna

pratipanna - accepted, attained, undertaken, understood

Past Passive Participle

from verb prati-pad 'to obtain, accept'

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'mām' (him), meaning 'me, if I were to have accepted'.

माम् (mām) - object of 'nāśayet' ('would destroy me') (me (accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

नाशयेत् (nāśayet) - would destroy, would cause to perish

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of naś

Optative Active (Causative)

causative of root naś (4th class) in optative mood, 3rd person singular

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Potential mood.

धर्मविप्लवः (dharmaviplavaḥ) - violation of dharma, transgression of duty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmaviplava

dharmaviplava - violation of dharma, transgression of religious duty

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+viplava)

• dharma – dharma, righteousness, duty, law
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• viplava – overflow, destruction, violation, rebellion
  noun (masculine)
  from verb vi-plu 'to float away, overflow'
  Prefix: vi
  Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'nāśayet'.