महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-92, verse-6

प्रतीप उवाच ।
नाहं परस्त्रियं कामाद्गच्छेयं वरवर्णिनि ।
न चासवर्णां कल्याणि धर्म्यं तद्विद्धि मे व्रतम् ॥६॥

6. pratīpa uvāca ,
nāhaṁ parastriyaṁ kāmādgaccheyaṁ varavarṇini ,
na cāsavarṇāṁ kalyāṇi dharmyaṁ tadviddhi me vratam.

6. pratīpaḥ uvāca na aham parastriyam kāmāt gaccheyam varavarṇini
na ca asavarṇām kalyāṇi dharmyam tat viddhi me vratam

6. Prateepa said, 'O lady of beautiful complexion, I would not approach another man's wife out of desire. And, O auspicious one, I would not approach a woman of a different varṇa (social class). Know that to be my righteous vow.'

Words meanings summery:

• प्रतीपः (pratīpaḥ) - Prateepa (name of a king)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• न (na) - not, no

• अहम् (aham) - I

• परस्त्रियम् (parastriyam) - another's wife

• कामात् (kāmāt) - from desire, out of lust

• गच्छेयम् (gaccheyam) - I would engage in sexual relations with (I would go, I would approach)

• वरवर्णिनि (varavarṇini) - an address to the woman (O lady of beautiful complexion, O woman of excellent color)

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• असवर्णाम् (asavarṇām) - not of the same social class or caste as the king (one of a different class/caste, not of the same varṇa)

• कल्याणि (kalyāṇi) - an address to the woman (O auspicious one, O beautiful one, O virtuous one)

• धर्म्यम् (dharmyam) - righteous, conforming to dharma, lawful

• तत् (tat) - refers to the described vow of not approaching another's wife or a woman of a different varṇa. (that)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

• मे (me) - my (genitive) (my, of me, for me)

• व्रतम् (vratam) - vow, sacred observance, religious duty

Words meanings and morphology

प्रतीपः (pratīpaḥ) - Prateepa (name of a king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratīpa

pratīpa - Prateepa (proper name), contrary, opposite, reverse

Prefix: prati

Root: i (class 2)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

root vac (2nd class) in perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

परस्त्रियम् (parastriyam) - another's wife

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of parastrī

parastrī - another's wife

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+strī)

• para – other, another, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
• strī – woman, wife
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of 'gaccheyam'.

कामात् (kāmāt) - from desire, out of lust

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, love, lust

Root: kam (class 10)

Note: Expresses cause or origin.

गच्छेयम् (gaccheyam) - I would engage in sexual relations with (I would go, I would approach)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of gam

Optative Active

root gam (1st class) in optative mood, 1st person singular, active voice

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Potential mood.

वरवर्णिनि (varavarṇini) - an address to the woman (O lady of beautiful complexion, O woman of excellent color)

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of varavarṇinī

varavarṇinī - a woman of beautiful complexion, a charming woman

feminine of varavarṇin

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vara+varṇin)

• vara – excellent, best, choice, a boon
  adjective (masculine)
• varṇin – having color, having complexion, belonging to a varṇa
  adjective (masculine)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

असवर्णाम् (asavarṇām) - not of the same social class or caste as the king (one of a different class/caste, not of the same varṇa)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of asavarṇā

asavarṇā - not of the same class/caste, not equal in color/nature (feminine)

feminine form of asavarṇa; a (not) + savarṇa (of the same class)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+savarṇa)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• savarṇa – of the same class/caste, of the same color/nature
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: sa
  Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Implies 'nāhaṃ gaccheyam asavarṇām' (I would not go to one of a different class).

कल्याणि (kalyāṇi) - an address to the woman (O auspicious one, O beautiful one, O virtuous one)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of kalyāṇī

kalyāṇī - auspicious, beautiful, virtuous (feminine)

feminine form of kalyāṇa

धर्म्यम् (dharmyam) - righteous, conforming to dharma, lawful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dharmya

dharmya - righteous, lawful, prescribed by dharma, just

Gerundive

Derived from dharma with -ya suffix, indicating 'fit for dharma'

Note: Agrees with 'vratam'.

तत् (tat) - refers to the described vow of not approaching another's wife or a woman of a different varṇa. (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Object of 'viddhi'.

विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Imperative Active

root vid (2nd class) in imperative mood, 2nd person singular

Root: vid (class 2)

मे (me) - my (genitive) (my, of me, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Possessive.

व्रतम् (vratam) - vow, sacred observance, religious duty

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vrata

vrata - vow, sacred observance, religious duty, rule

Root: vṛ (class 1)

Note: Appears as the predicate of 'tat'.