महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-92, verse-22

यच्च कुर्यान्न तत्कार्यं प्रष्टव्या सा त्वयानघ ।
मन्नियोगाद्भजन्तीं तां भजेथा इत्युवाच तम् ॥२२॥

22. yacca kuryānna tatkāryaṁ praṣṭavyā sā tvayānagha ,
manniyogādbhajantīṁ tāṁ bhajethā ityuvāca tam.

22. yat ca kuryāt na tat kāryaṃ praṣṭavyā sā tvayā anagha
mat niyogāt bhajantīṃ tāṃ bhajethāḥ iti uvāca tam

22. O sinless one, whatever she may do, you should not interfere with it, nor should she be questioned by you. He said to him, 'By my command, you should cherish that woman who serves (you).'

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - whatever, which, that which

• च (ca) - and, also

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - she may do, she should do

• न (na) - not

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• कार्यं (kāryaṁ) - to be done, proper action, business

• प्रष्टव्या (praṣṭavyā) - to be questioned, to be asked

• सा (sā) - she, that one

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one, blameless one

• मत् (mat) - my, by me

• नियोगात् (niyogāt) - by command, by instruction

• भजन्तीं (bhajantīṁ) - serving, cherishing, resorting to

• तां (tāṁ) - her, that one

• भजेथाः (bhajethāḥ) - you should cherish, you should enjoy, you should serve

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• तम् (tam) - him, that one

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - whatever, which, that which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Neuter nominative/accusative singular.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - she may do, she should do

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of kṛ

Optative mode, 3rd person singular

Root kṛ (8th class), Vidhi-liṅ L-kara.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Verb in the conditional clause.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates kāryaṃ and praṣṭavyā.

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Neuter nominative/accusative singular.

Note: Acts as the subject of the implied verb (e.g., 'should be interfered with').

कार्यं (kāryaṁ) - to be done, proper action, business

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, proper action, duty, business, matter

Future Passive Participle (Gerundive)

From root kṛ (to do) with suffix -ya.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate, implying 'should not be interfered with'.

प्रष्टव्या (praṣṭavyā) - to be questioned, to be asked

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of praṣṭavya

praṣṭavya - to be questioned, to be asked, to be enquired

Future Passive Participle (Gerundive)

From root prach (to ask) with prefix pra- and suffix -tavya.

Prefix: pra

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Predicate for sā.

सा (sā) - she, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Subject of praṣṭavyā.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Agent in passive construction.

अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one, blameless one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of anagha

anagha - sinless, blameless, pure

a- (negation) + agha (sin, evil)

Note: Address to Shantanu.

मत् (mat) - my, by me

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Ablative or Genitive singular form.

Note: Part of mat-niyogāt.

नियोगात् (niyogāt) - by command, by instruction

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of niyoga

niyoga - command, order, injunction, appointment

From ni-yuj (to appoint, command)

Prefix: ni

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Cause for action.

भजन्तीं (bhajantīṁ) - serving, cherishing, resorting to

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhajant

bhajant - serving, cherishing, worshipping, resorting to

Present Active Participle

From root bhaj (to serve, cherish) + śatṛ pratyaya. Feminine form.

Root: bhaj (class 1)

तां (tāṁ) - her, that one

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Feminine accusative singular.

भजेथाः (bhajethāḥ) - you should cherish, you should enjoy, you should serve

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhaj

Optative mode, 2nd person singular

Root bhaj (1st class), Vidhi-liṅ L-kara, ātmanepada.

Root: bhaj (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root vac (2nd class), Liṭ L-kara.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Main verb for Prateepa's speech.

तम् (tam) - him, that one

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Masculine accusative singular.

Note: Object of uvāca.