महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-59, verse-17

एक एव दितेः पुत्रो हिरण्यकशिपुः स्मृतः ।
नाम्ना ख्यातास्तु तस्येमे पुत्राः पञ्च महात्मनः ॥१७॥

17. eka eva diteḥ putro hiraṇyakaśipuḥ smṛtaḥ ,
nāmnā khyātāstu tasyeme putrāḥ pañca mahātmanaḥ.

17. ekaḥ eva diteḥ putraḥ hiraṇyakaśipuḥ smṛtaḥ |
nāmnā khyātāḥ tu tasya ime putrāḥ pañca mahātmanaḥ

17. Indeed, only one son of Diti is remembered as Hiraṇyakaśipu. And by name, these five great-souled sons of his are renowned.

Words meanings summery:

• एकः (ekaḥ) - Emphasizes that Diti had only one son listed in this context. (one, a single)

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes that only one son of Diti is being mentioned. (indeed, only, just)

• दितेः (diteḥ) - Specifies the mother of Hiraṇyakaśipu. (of Diti)

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - Hiraṇyakaśipu is Diti's son. (son)

• हिरण्यकशिपुः (hiraṇyakaśipuḥ) - The specific son of Diti being referred to. (Hiraṇyakaśipu (proper name))

• स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - Indicates that Hiraṇyakaśipu is conventionally known as Diti's son. (remembered, known, considered)

• नाम्ना (nāmnā) - Indicates that the following five sons are known by their names. (by name)

• ख्याताः (khyātāḥ) - The five sons are well-known by their names. (famous, known, renowned)

• तु (tu) - Introduces a new statement about Hiraṇyakaśipu's sons. (but, indeed, on the other hand, and)

• तस्य (tasya) - Refers to Hiraṇyakaśipu. (of him, his)

• इमे (ime) - Refers to the sons of Hiraṇyakaśipu about to be named (or already known from context). (these)

• पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - Refers to Hiraṇyakaśipu's sons. (sons)

• पञ्च (pañca) - The specific number of Hiraṇyakaśipu's sons mentioned. (five)

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - Describes the character of Hiraṇyakaśipu's sons. (great-souled, noble, magnificent)

Words meanings and morphology

एकः (ekaḥ) - Emphasizes that Diti had only one son listed in this context. (one, a single)

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'putraḥ'.

एव (eva) - Emphasizes that only one son of Diti is being mentioned. (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

दितेः (diteḥ) - Specifies the mother of Hiraṇyakaśipu. (of Diti)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of diti

diti - Diti (proper name, mother of Daityas), division, destruction

Note: Governs 'putraḥ'.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - Hiraṇyakaśipu is Diti's son. (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Predicate nominative.

हिरण्यकशिपुः (hiraṇyakaśipuḥ) - The specific son of Diti being referred to. (Hiraṇyakaśipu (proper name))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hiraṇyakaśipu

hiraṇyakaśipu - Hiraṇyakaśipu (a Daitya king)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hiraṇya+kaśipu)

• hiraṇya – gold, golden
  noun (neuter)
• kaśipu – mat, cushion, bed, garment
  noun (masculine)

Note: The name of the Daitya.

स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - Indicates that Hiraṇyakaśipu is conventionally known as Diti's son. (remembered, known, considered)

(nominal form)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, recollected, known, declared

past passive participle

From √smṛ

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'putraḥ' and 'hiraṇyakaśipuḥ'.

नाम्ना (nāmnā) - Indicates that the following five sons are known by their names. (by name)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name, appellation

Note: Instrumental of 'nāman'.

ख्याताः (khyātāḥ) - The five sons are well-known by their names. (famous, known, renowned)

(nominal form)

Nominative, masculine, plural of khyāta

khyāta - famous, celebrated, known

past passive participle

From √khyā (to be known)

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'putrāḥ'.

तु (tu) - Introduces a new statement about Hiraṇyakaśipu's sons. (but, indeed, on the other hand, and)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

तस्य (tasya) - Refers to Hiraṇyakaśipu. (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Governs 'putrāḥ'.

इमे (ime) - Refers to the sons of Hiraṇyakaśipu about to be named (or already known from context). (these)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, agrees with 'putrāḥ'.

पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - Refers to Hiraṇyakaśipu's sons. (sons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Subject of 'khyātāḥ'.

पञ्च (pañca) - The specific number of Hiraṇyakaśipu's sons mentioned. (five)

(numeral)

Note: Indeclinable numeral, acts adjectivally.

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - Describes the character of Hiraṇyakaśipu's sons. (great-souled, noble, magnificent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, high-minded, magnificent

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – soul, self, essence, mind
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'putrāḥ'.