महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-59, verse-16

एकादशस्तथा त्वष्टा विष्णुर्द्वादश उच्यते ।
जघन्यजः स सर्वेषामादित्यानां गुणाधिकः ॥१६॥

16. ekādaśastathā tvaṣṭā viṣṇurdvādaśa ucyate ,
jaghanyajaḥ sa sarveṣāmādityānāṁ guṇādhikaḥ.

16. ekādaśaḥ tathā tvaṣṭā viṣṇuḥ dvādaśa ucyate |
jaghanyajaḥ sa sarveṣām ādityānām guṇādhikaḥ

16. And similarly, Tvaṣṭā is the eleventh, and Viṣṇu is said to be the twelfth. He, the youngest of all the Adityas, is superior in qualities.

Words meanings summery:

• एकादशः (ekādaśaḥ) - Tvaṣṭā is the eleventh Aditya. (eleventh)

• तथा (tathā) - Indicates continuation from the previous enumeration. (thus, so, also, and)

• त्वष्टा (tvaṣṭā) - One of the twelve Adityas, the divine craftsman. (Tvaṣṭā (proper name))

• विष्णुः (viṣṇuḥ) - One of the twelve Adityas, here specified as the twelfth. (Viṣṇu (proper name))

• द्वादश (dvādaśa) - Viṣṇu is indicated as the twelfth Aditya. (twelfth)

• उच्यते (ucyate) - Indicates that Viṣṇu is designated as the twelfth. (is said, is called)

• जघन्यजः (jaghanyajaḥ) - Refers to Viṣṇu as the last of the Adityas to be born. (youngest, last born)

• स (sa) - Refers to Viṣṇu. (he)

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - Refers to all the Adityas previously listed. (of all)

• आदित्यानाम् (ādityānām) - Specifies the group from whom Viṣṇu is the youngest and most qualified. (of the Adityas)

• गुणाधिकः (guṇādhikaḥ) - Describes Viṣṇu's superior nature compared to the other Adityas. (superior in qualities, excelling in virtues)

Words meanings and morphology

एकादशः (ekādaśaḥ) - Tvaṣṭā is the eleventh Aditya. (eleventh)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ekādaśa

ekādaśa - eleventh

From eka + daśan

Compound type : dvandva (eka+daśan)

• eka – one, a single
  numeral
• daśan – ten
  numeral

Note: Agrees with implied subject (Tvaṣṭā).

तथा (tathā) - Indicates continuation from the previous enumeration. (thus, so, also, and)

(indeclinable)

Note: Acts as a conjunction here.

त्वष्टा (tvaṣṭā) - One of the twelve Adityas, the divine craftsman. (Tvaṣṭā (proper name))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvaṣṭṛ

tvaṣṭṛ - Tvaṣṭā (divine artisan), carpenter, maker

agent noun

From √tvakṣ (to cut, to form)

Root: tvakṣ (class 1)

Note: Nominative singular of 'tṛ'-stem noun 'tvaṣṭṛ'.

विष्णुः (viṣṇuḥ) - One of the twelve Adityas, here specified as the twelfth. (Viṣṇu (proper name))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viṣṇu

viṣṇu - Viṣṇu (a major deity), the Pervader

Root: viṣ (class 3)

द्वादश (dvādaśa) - Viṣṇu is indicated as the twelfth Aditya. (twelfth)

(numeral)

Note: Often means 'twelve' generally, but here it functions as 'the twelfth' in context.

उच्यते (ucyate) - Indicates that Viṣṇu is designated as the twelfth. (is said, is called)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Root 'vac' changes to 'uc' in passive forms.

जघन्यजः (jaghanyajaḥ) - Refers to Viṣṇu as the last of the Adityas to be born. (youngest, last born)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaghanyaja

jaghanyaja - last born, youngest

From jaghanya + ja (born)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jaghanya+ja)

• jaghanya – hindmost, lowest, last, youngest
  adjective
• ja – born, produced from
  suffix
  From √jan
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'sa' (he, i.e., Viṣṇu).

स (sa) - Refers to Viṣṇu. (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Standard nominative singular masculine form of 'tad'.

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - Refers to all the Adityas previously listed. (of all)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Governs 'ādityānām'.

आदित्यानाम् (ādityānām) - Specifies the group from whom Viṣṇu is the youngest and most qualified. (of the Adityas)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of āditya

āditya - son of Aditi, a deity, particularly one of the twelve Adityas

From aditi + ya (patronymic suffix)

गुणाधिकः (guṇādhikaḥ) - Describes Viṣṇu's superior nature compared to the other Adityas. (superior in qualities, excelling in virtues)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guṇādhika

guṇādhika - superior in qualities, exceeding in virtues, more excellent

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (guṇa+adhika)

• guṇa – quality, virtue, attribute, constituent part
  noun (masculine)
• adhika – exceeding, superior, much, more
  adjective
  From adhi- + √kā (to shine, to wish)
  Prefix: adhi

Note: Agrees with 'sa' (Viṣṇu).