महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-218, verse-6

न शशाक विनिर्गन्तुं कौन्तेयशरपीडितः ।
मोक्षयामास तं माता निगीर्य भुजगात्मजा ॥६॥

6. na śaśāka vinirgantuṁ kaunteyaśarapīḍitaḥ ,
mokṣayāmāsa taṁ mātā nigīrya bhujagātmajā.

6. na śaśāka vinirgantum kaunteyaśarapīḍitaḥ
mokṣayāmāsa tam mātā nigīrya bhujagātmajā

6. Tormented by the arrows of Arjuna (Kaunteya), he was unable to get out. His mother, the serpent woman (bhujagātmajā), freed him by swallowing him.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• शशाक (śaśāka) - could not (with 'na') (was able, could)

• विनिर्गन्तुम् (vinirgantum) - to escape from the burning forest (to get out, to escape)

• कौन्तेयशरपीडितः (kaunteyaśarapīḍitaḥ) - wounded and distressed by the arrows of Arjuna (son of Kuntī) (afflicted by Arjuna's arrows)

• मोक्षयामास (mokṣayāmāsa) - freed him from the fire (caused to be liberated, freed)

• तम् (tam) - Aśvasena (him, that)

• माता (mātā) - Aśvasena's mother (mother)

• निगीर्य (nigīrya) - having swallowed

• भुजगात्मजा (bhujagātmajā) - the mother, being of Naga lineage (serpent-born, daughter of a serpent, female serpent)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शशाक (śaśāka) - could not (with 'na') (was able, could)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of śak

Root 'śak' (5th class, but here perfect tense), 3rd person singular, perfect tense (liṭ)

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Often used with an infinitive.

विनिर्गन्तुम् (vinirgantum) - to escape from the burning forest (to get out, to escape)

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of vinirgam

Infinitive

From root 'gam' (1st class) with prefixes 'vi' and 'nir'

Prefixes: vi+nir

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used with `śaśāka`.

कौन्तेयशरपीडितः (kaunteyaśarapīḍitaḥ) - wounded and distressed by the arrows of Arjuna (son of Kuntī) (afflicted by Arjuna's arrows)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaunteyaśarapīḍita

kaunteyaśarapīḍita - tormented by Kaunteya's arrows, afflicted by Arjuna's arrows

Compound type : tatpurusha (kaunteya+śara+pīḍita)

• kaunteya – son of Kuntī (i.e., Arjuna)
  proper noun (masculine)
• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• pīḍita – afflicted, distressed, tormented
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'pīḍ' (10th class)
  Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Describes Aśvasena.

मोक्षयामास (mokṣayāmāsa) - freed him from the fire (caused to be liberated, freed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of mokṣay

Causative perfect

Causative of root 'muc' (to release) formed with -aya, then perfect tense (liṭ)

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: The actual root is `muc`, `mokṣay` is the causative stem.

तम् (tam) - Aśvasena (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of `mokṣayāmāsa`.

माता (mātā) - Aśvasena's mother (mother)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

Note: Subject of `mokṣayāmāsa`.

निगीर्य (nigīrya) - having swallowed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From root 'gṛ' (6th class) with prefix 'ni', suffix -ya (after prefix)

Prefix: ni

Root: gṛ (class 6)

Note: Modifies the action of the mother.

भुजगात्मजा (bhujagātmajā) - the mother, being of Naga lineage (serpent-born, daughter of a serpent, female serpent)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhujagātmajā

bhujagātmajā - serpent-born, daughter of a serpent, female serpent

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhujaga+ātmaja)

• bhujaga – serpent, snake
  noun (masculine)
• ātmaja – self-born, son, daughter
  adjective (masculine)
  From ātman (self) + jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Used as an epithet for the mother.