महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-218, verse-44

ततोऽश्मवर्षं सुमहद्व्यसृजत्पाकशासनः ।
भूय एव तदा वीर्यं जिज्ञासुः सव्यसाचिनः ।
तच्छरैरर्जुनो वर्षं प्रतिजघ्नेऽत्यमर्षणः ॥४४॥

44. tato'śmavarṣaṁ sumahadvyasṛjatpākaśāsanaḥ ,
bhūya eva tadā vīryaṁ jijñāsuḥ savyasācinaḥ ,
taccharairarjuno varṣaṁ pratijaghne'tyamarṣaṇaḥ.

44. tataḥ aśmavarṣam sumahat vyasṛjat
pākaśāsanaḥ bhūyaḥ eva tadā vīryam
jijñāsuḥ savyasācinaḥ tat śaraiḥ
arjunaḥ varṣam pratijaghne atyamarṣaṇaḥ

44. Then Indra (Pākaśāsana) released a very great rain of stones, again desiring to test the valor of Arjuna (Savyasācin). Arjuna, extremely enraged, counteracted that rain with his arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there, thereafter)

• अश्मवर्षम् (aśmavarṣam) - a rain of stones (rain of stones, hail of stones)

• सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great (very great, very large)

• व्यसृजत् (vyasṛjat) - released (released, emitted, discharged)

• पाकशासनः (pākaśāsanaḥ) - Indra (Indra (slayer of Pāka))

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again (again, further, more)

• एव (eva) - indeed, just (indeed, certainly, only, even)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• वीर्यम् (vīryam) - valor (valor, strength, heroism, energy)

• जिज्ञासुः (jijñāsuḥ) - desiring to test (desiring to know, inquisitive, wishing to test)

• सव्यसाचिनः (savyasācinaḥ) - of Arjuna (Savyasācin) (of Arjuna (one who shoots with both hands, ambidextrous))

• तत् (tat) - that (rain of stones) (that, those)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with his arrows (by arrows)

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

• वर्षम् (varṣam) - rain (of stones) (rain, shower)

• प्रतिजघ्ने (pratijaghne) - counteracted (counteracted, struck back, repelled)

• अत्यमर्षणः (atyamarṣaṇaḥ) - extremely enraged (extremely enraged, greatly impatient)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there, thereafter)

(indeclinable)

अश्मवर्षम् (aśmavarṣam) - a rain of stones (rain of stones, hail of stones)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aśmavarṣa

aśmavarṣa - rain of stones, hail

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aśman+varṣa)

• aśman – stone, rock
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, raining
  noun (neuter)
  derived from root vṛṣ (to rain)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great (very great, very large)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, very large, enormous

sumahat (su + mahat)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
  prefix
• mahat – great, large, vast
  adjective (neuter)
  present participle of mah
  Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'aśmavarṣam'

व्यसृजत् (vyasṛjat) - released (released, emitted, discharged)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vya-sṛj

Imperfect active 3rd singular

Prefixes: vi+a

Root: sṛj (class 6)

पाकशासनः (pākaśāsanaḥ) - Indra (Indra (slayer of Pāka))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pākaśāsana

pākaśāsana - Indra (slayer of the demon Pāka)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāka+śāsana)

• pāka – a demon's name
  proper noun (masculine)
• śāsana – ruler, punisher, slayer
  noun (masculine)
  from root śās (to rule, punish)
  Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Subject of vyasṛjat

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again (again, further, more)

(indeclinable)

comparative of bhūri

एव (eva) - indeed, just (indeed, certainly, only, even)

(indeclinable)

particle for emphasis

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

from pronominal root tad

वीर्यम् (vīryam) - valor (valor, strength, heroism, energy)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vīrya

vīrya - valor, strength, heroism, energy, virility

Root: vīr

Note: Object of jijñāsuḥ

जिज्ञासुः (jijñāsuḥ) - desiring to test (desiring to know, inquisitive, wishing to test)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jijñāsu

jijñāsu - desiring to know, inquisitive, wishing to test

Desiderative agent noun

From desiderative root jñā (to know) + -u suffix

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with pākaśāsanaḥ, implies Indra's intention

सव्यसाचिनः (savyasācinaḥ) - of Arjuna (Savyasācin) (of Arjuna (one who shoots with both hands, ambidextrous))

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of savyasācin

savyasācin - Arjuna (one who shoots with both hands, ambidextrous)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (savya+sācin)

• savya – left
  adjective (masculine)
• sācin – shooting (one who shoots)
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun from root sañj (to attach, throw)
  Root: sañj

Note: Possessive, refers to Arjuna

तत् (tat) - that (rain of stones) (that, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'aśmavarṣam'

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with his arrows (by arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Root: śṛ

Note: Instrument of action 'pratijaghne'

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pandava prince)

Note: Subject of pratijaghne

वर्षम् (varṣam) - rain (of stones) (rain, shower)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of varṣa

varṣa - rain, raining, shower

from root vṛṣ (to rain)

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of pratijaghne

प्रतिजघ्ने (pratijaghne) - counteracted (counteracted, struck back, repelled)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (lit) of prati-han

Perfect middle 3rd singular

Prefix: prati

Root: han (class 2)

अत्यमर्षणः (atyamarṣaṇaḥ) - extremely enraged (extremely enraged, greatly impatient)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atyamarṣaṇa

atyamarṣaṇa - extremely angry, greatly impatient, highly indignant

atyamarṣaṇa (ati + amarṣaṇa)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ati+amarṣaṇa)

• ati – over, beyond, exceeding, very
  indeclinable
  prefix
• amarṣaṇa – enraged, impatient, intolerant
  adjective (masculine)
  from a-marṣa
  Prefix: a
  Root: mṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'arjunaḥ'