महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-218, verse-46

सोऽश्मवर्षं महावेगैरिषुभिः पाकशासनिः ।
विलयं गमयामास हर्षयन्पितरं तदा ॥४६॥

46. so'śmavarṣaṁ mahāvegairiṣubhiḥ pākaśāsaniḥ ,
vilayaṁ gamayāmāsa harṣayanpitaraṁ tadā.

46. saḥ aśmavarṣam mahāvegaiḥ iṣubhiḥ pākaśāsaniḥ
vilayam gamayām āsa harṣayan pitaram tadā

46. Then, Arjuna (Pākaśāsani), with immensely powerful arrows, brought that rain of stones to an end, thereby delighting his father.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Arjuna) (he, that)

• अश्मवर्षम् (aśmavarṣam) - the rain of stones (rain of stones, hail of stones)

• महावेगैः (mahāvegaiḥ) - with immensely powerful (arrows) (with great speed, with great force, immensely powerful)

• इषुभिः (iṣubhiḥ) - with arrows (by arrows)

• पाकशासनिः (pākaśāsaniḥ) - Arjuna (son of Indra) (son of Indra (Pākaśāsana), i.e., Arjuna)

• विलयम् (vilayam) - an end (dissolution, destruction, end)

• गमयाम् (gamayām) - brought (caused to go, led, brought)

• आस (āsa) - (auxiliary for perfect tense) (was, became (auxiliary verb))

• हर्षयन् (harṣayan) - delighting (delighting, gladdening, causing joy)

• पितरम् (pitaram) - his father (Indra) (father)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Arjuna) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Arjuna

अश्मवर्षम् (aśmavarṣam) - the rain of stones (rain of stones, hail of stones)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aśmavarṣa

aśmavarṣa - rain of stones, hail

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aśman+varṣa)

• aśman – stone, rock
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, raining
  noun (neuter)
  derived from root vṛṣ (to rain)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of gamayām āsa

महावेगैः (mahāvegaiḥ) - with immensely powerful (arrows) (with great speed, with great force, immensely powerful)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāvega

mahāvega - great speed, great force, powerful

mahāvega (mahā + vega)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+vega)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (neuter)
  variant of mahat
• vega – speed, force, impulse
  noun (masculine)
  from root vij (to tremble, move)
  Root: vij (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'iṣubhiḥ'

इषुभिः (iṣubhiḥ) - with arrows (by arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of iṣu

iṣu - arrow

Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Instrument of action

पाकशासनिः (pākaśāsaniḥ) - Arjuna (son of Indra) (son of Indra (Pākaśāsana), i.e., Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pākaśāsani

pākaśāsani - son of Pākaśāsana (Indra), i.e., Arjuna

patronymic (appaṭya) from Pākaśāsana

Note: Subject of gamayām āsa

विलयम् (vilayam) - an end (dissolution, destruction, end)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vilaya

vilaya - dissolution, destruction, end, melting away

from root lī with vi

Prefix: vi

Root: lī (class 4)

Note: Object of gamayām āsa (indirectly, as part of phrase 'vilayaṃ gamayām āsa')

गमयाम् (gamayām) - brought (caused to go, led, brought)

(verb)

Causative, Ām-Pratyaya form of perfect

From root gam (to go), causative stem + ām

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Part of periphrastic perfect 'gamayām āsa'

आस (āsa) - (auxiliary for perfect tense) (was, became (auxiliary verb))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of as

Perfect 3rd singular

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Auxiliary for 'gamayām'. The two combine to 'vilayaṃ gamayām āsa' meaning 'he brought to dissolution / end'

हर्षयन् (harṣayan) - delighting (delighting, gladdening, causing joy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of harṣayat

harṣayat - delighting, gladdening, causing joy

Present Active Participle

From causative of root hṛṣ (to be excited, rejoice)

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

पितरम् (pitaram) - his father (Indra) (father)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Object of harṣayan

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

from pronominal root tad