महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-218, verse-27

अथापरे शरैर्विद्धाश्चक्रवेगेरितास्तदा ।
वेलामिव समासाद्य व्यातिष्ठन्त महौजसः ॥२७॥

27. athāpare śarairviddhāścakravegeritāstadā ,
velāmiva samāsādya vyātiṣṭhanta mahaujasaḥ.

27. atha apare śaraiḥ viddhāḥ cakravegaiḥ īritāḥ
tadā velām iva samāsādya vyātiṣṭhanta mahaujasaḥ

27. Then, other mighty warriors, pierced by arrows and struck by the force of the discus (cakra), stood firm as if they had reached a shore.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• अपरे (apare) - others

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

• विद्धाः (viddhāḥ) - pierced, wounded, struck

• चक्रवेगैः (cakravegaiḥ) - by the impetuosity/force of the discus (cakra)

• ईरिताः (īritāḥ) - impelled, set in motion, struck, sent

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• वेलाम् (velām) - to the shore, to the limit/boundary

• इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

• समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having reached, having attained

• व्यातिष्ठन्त (vyātiṣṭhanta) - they stood, they remained, they stood firm/spread out

• महौजसः (mahaujasaḥ) - mighty, of great power/energy

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/adverb indicating sequence.

अपरे (apare) - others

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, another, subsequent

Note: Subject of 'vyātiṣṭhanta'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Root: śṛ (class 9)

विद्धाः (viddhāḥ) - pierced, wounded, struck

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viddha

viddha - pierced, struck, wounded, hit

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vyadh' (to pierce, strike). Irregular formation.

Root: vyadh (class 4)

चक्रवेगैः (cakravegaiḥ) - by the impetuosity/force of the discus (cakra)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of cakravega

cakravega - force/speed of a discus

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cakra+vega)

• cakra – discus, wheel
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• vega – speed, velocity, force, impetuosity
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'vij' (to move quickly).
  Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Instrument of impelling.

ईरिताः (īritāḥ) - impelled, set in motion, struck, sent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of īrita

īrita - impelled, moved, sent, uttered, struck

Past Passive Participle

From root 'īr' (to move, impel).

Root: īr (class 2)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Temporal adverb.

वेलाम् (velām) - to the shore, to the limit/boundary

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of velā

velā - shore, coast, boundary, limit, time

Note: Object of 'samāsādya'.

इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having reached, having attained

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'sad' (to sit, go) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Modifies the main verb 'vyātiṣṭhanta'.

व्यातिष्ठन्त (vyātiṣṭhanta) - they stood, they remained, they stood firm/spread out

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle (ātmanepada), imperfect (laṅ) of vyātistṛ

Imperfect Tense (Ātmanepada)

From root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefixes 'vi' and 'ā'. Third plural imperfect.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'apare'.

महौजसः (mahaujasaḥ) - mighty, of great power/energy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahaujas

mahaujas - of great strength, powerful, mighty

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ojas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• ojas – strength, vigor, power, vital energy
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'apare'.