योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-71, verse-27

यदा विक्षुभितात्मासीत्तदा नियत्तिलङ्घनात् ।
समुत्सार्यार्यमर्यादामर्णवा विवृतार्णसः ॥ २७ ॥

yadā vikṣubhitātmāsīttadā niyattilaṅghanāt ,
samutsāryāryamaryādāmarṇavā vivṛtārṇasaḥ 27

27. yadā vikṣubhita-ātman āsīt tadā niyatti-laṅghanāt
samutsārya arya-maryādām arṇavāḥ vivṛta-arṇasaḥ

27. yadā ātman vikṣubhitaḥ āsīt tadā niyatti-laṅghanāt
arya-maryādām samutsārya arṇavāḥ vivṛta-arṇasaḥ

27. When its very being (ātman) became agitated, then, transgressing its fixed regulations, the oceans, having swept aside all proper limits, burst forth with vast, opened expanses.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - Temporal conjunction, introducing the condition for the subsequent events of oceanic upheaval (when)

• विक्षुभित-आत्मन् (vikṣubhita-ātman) - The inherent nature or essence (ātman) of the water element became disturbed, referring to the agitation of the cosmic water (agitated self (ātman); whose (ātman) is disturbed)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - Indicates the past state of agitation of the water element's nature (was, existed)

• तदा (tadā) - Marks the consequence or next step after the inherent agitation of the water element (then, at that time)

• नियत्ति-लङ्घनात् (niyatti-laṅghanāt) - The water element broke its inherent regulatory principles or natural law (dharma) that keep it contained (from the transgression of fixed rules/restraints)

• समुत्सार्य (samutsārya) - The oceans actively displaced or disregarded their inherent boundaries (maryādā) (having removed, having driven away, having swept aside)

• अर्य-मर्यादाम् (arya-maryādām) - The inherent or divinely ordained boundaries (maryādā) of the oceans (proper limit/boundary (accusative))

• अर्णवाः (arṇavāḥ) - The vast bodies of water, which are the main subject of this part of the dissolution process (oceans)

• विवृत-अर्णसः (vivṛta-arṇasaḥ) - The oceans revealed their vast, overflowing waters, indicating their unbound expansion (having opened waters/expanses)

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - Temporal conjunction, introducing the condition for the subsequent events of oceanic upheaval (when)

(indeclinable)

From `yad` (which) + `dā` (temporal suffix).

विक्षुभित-आत्मन् (vikṣubhita-ātman) - The inherent nature or essence (ātman) of the water element became disturbed, referring to the agitation of the cosmic water (agitated self (ātman); whose (ātman) is disturbed)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vikṣubhita-ātman

vikṣubhita-ātman - agitated self/essence

`vikṣubhita` (agitated) + `ātman` (self).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (vikṣubhita+ātman)

• vikṣubhita – agitated, greatly stirred, disturbed (past passive participle)
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From `vi-kṣubh` (to be agitated).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kṣubh (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
  From root `an` (to breathe).
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Subject of the 'when' clause.

आसीत् (āsīt) - Indicates the past state of agitation of the water element's nature (was, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular.

Imperfect (Laṅ) of `as` verb.

Root: as (class 2)

तदा (tadā) - Marks the consequence or next step after the inherent agitation of the water element (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

From `tad` (that) + `dā` (temporal suffix).

नियत्ति-लङ्घनात् (niyatti-laṅghanāt) - The water element broke its inherent regulatory principles or natural law (dharma) that keep it contained (from the transgression of fixed rules/restraints)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of niyatti-laṅghana

niyatti-laṅghana - transgression of restraint or rule

`niyatti` (restraint) + `laṅghana` (transgression).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (niyatti+laṅghana)

• niyatti – restraint, restriction, regulation, discipline
  noun (feminine)
  From `ni-yam` (to restrain, control).
  Prefix: ni
  Root: yam (class 1)
• laṅghana – leaping over, transgressing, violating, fasting
  noun (neuter)
  From root `laṅgh` (to leap, transgress).
  Root: laṅgh (class 1)

Note: Indicates the cause or means.

समुत्सार्य (samutsārya) - The oceans actively displaced or disregarded their inherent boundaries (maryādā) (having removed, having driven away, having swept aside)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From `sam-ud-sṛ` (to drive away, remove).

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: sṛ (class 1)

अर्य-मर्यादाम् (arya-maryādām) - The inherent or divinely ordained boundaries (maryādā) of the oceans (proper limit/boundary (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of arya-maryādā

arya-maryādā - proper boundary, noble limit

`arya` (proper, noble) + `maryādā` (boundary, limit).

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (arya+maryādā)

• arya – noble, venerable, proper, fitting, excellent
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  From root `ṛ` (to go, move, arise).
  Root: ṛ (class 3)
• maryādā – boundary, limit, frontier, rule, custom
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of `samutsārya`.

अर्णवाः (arṇavāḥ) - The vast bodies of water, which are the main subject of this part of the dissolution process (oceans)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of arṇava

arṇava - ocean, sea, flood, large body of water

From `arṇa` (wave, water).

Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Subject of the action.

विवृत-अर्णसः (vivṛta-arṇasaḥ) - The oceans revealed their vast, overflowing waters, indicating their unbound expansion (having opened waters/expanses)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vivṛta-arṇas

vivṛta-arṇas - having open streams, whose waters are exposed

`vivṛta` (opened) + `arṇas` (water, stream, expanse).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (vivṛta+arṇas)

• vivṛta – opened, uncovered, exposed, revealed (past passive participle)
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From `vi-vṛ` (to open, uncover).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vṛ (class 5)
• arṇas – stream, wave, water, flood, ocean
  noun (neuter)
  From root `ṛ` (to go, move).
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Modifies `arṇavāḥ`.