योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-182, verse-51

अथ तौ पितरौ तेषां सवधूकौ सुदुःखितौ ।
कृशीभूतौ दीनमुखौ निराशौ गृहमागतौ ॥ ५१ ॥

atha tau pitarau teṣāṃ savadhūkau suduḥkhitau ,
kṛśībhūtau dīnamukhau nirāśau gṛhamāgatau 51

51. atha tau pitarau teṣām sa-vadhūkau su-duḥkhitau
kṛśībhūtau dīnamukhau nirāśau gṛham āgatau

51. atha teṣām tau pitarau sa-vadhūkau su-duḥkhitau
kṛśībhūtau dīnamukhau nirāśau gṛham āgatau

51. Then, those parents, accompanied by their daughters-in-law, were greatly distressed, having become emaciated and sorrow-faced, and returned home in despair.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, and

• तौ (tau) - those two

• पितरौ (pitarau) - the two parents

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

• स-वधूकौ (sa-vadhūkau) - accompanied by their daughters-in-law

• सु-दुःखितौ (su-duḥkhitau) - greatly distressed

• कृशीभूतौ (kṛśībhūtau) - having become emaciated

• दीनमुखौ (dīnamukhau) - with sorrowful faces

• निराशौ (nirāśau) - despairing, hopeless

• गृहम् (gṛham) - home, house

• आगतौ (āgatau) - having come, returned

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, and

(indeclinable)

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पितरौ (pitarau) - the two parents

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, parent

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

स-वधूकौ (sa-vadhūkau) - accompanied by their daughters-in-law

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of sa-vadhūka

sa-vadhūka - with a daughter-in-law/young woman

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (saha+vadhūka)

• saha – with, along with
  indeclinable
• vadhūka – daughter-in-law, young woman (suffix -ka often implies endearment or collective sense)
  noun (masculine)

सु-दुःखितौ (su-duḥkhitau) - greatly distressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of su-duḥkhita

su-duḥkhita - greatly grieved, very sad, intensely distressed

Compound type : Pradi-tatpuruṣa (su+duḥkhita)

• su – good, well, greatly, intensely
  prefix
• duḥkhita – distressed, pained, sorrowful
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root duḥkh (to suffer)
  Root: duḥkh (class 1)

कृशीभूतौ (kṛśībhūtau) - having become emaciated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kṛśībhūta

kṛśībhūta - become thin, emaciated, grown lean

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (kṛśī+bhūta)

• kṛśī – thin, lean, emaciated
  adjective (feminine)
• bhūta – become, happened, existing
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root bhū (to be, to become)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

दीनमुखौ (dīnamukhau) - with sorrowful faces

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of dīnamukha

dīnamukha - having a sad or dejected face, sorrow-faced

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (dīna+mukha)

• dīna – sad, sorrowful, wretched, miserable
  adjective (masculine)
• mukha – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

निराशौ (nirāśau) - despairing, hopeless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of nirāśa

nirāśa - hopeless, despairing, despondent, without hope

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (nis+āśā)

• nis – without, out, forth
  prefix
• āśā – hope, expectation, desire
  noun (feminine)

गृहम् (gṛham) - home, house

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gṛha

gṛha - house, home, dwelling

आगतौ (āgatau) - having come, returned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ā-gata

ā-gata - come, arrived, returned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam (to go) with prefix ā (towards)

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)