योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-182, verse-29

तद्भार्याष्टकमेतेषु यातेषु तपसे चिरम् ।
बभूव दुःखितं स्त्रीणां यद्वियोगोऽहिदुःसहः ॥ २९ ॥

tadbhāryāṣṭakameteṣu yāteṣu tapase ciram ,
babhūva duḥkhitaṃ strīṇāṃ yadviyogo'hiduḥsahaḥ 29

29. tat bhāryāṣṭakam eteṣu yāteṣu tapase ciram
babhūva duḥkhitam strīṇām yat viyogaḥ ahiduḥsahaḥ

29. eteṣu ciram tapase yāteṣu tat bhāryāṣṭakam
duḥkhitam babhūva yat strīṇām viyogaḥ ahiduḥsahaḥ

29. That octet of wives became distressed when these men went away for a long time for austerities (tapas), because their separation was extremely difficult to bear.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that

• भार्याष्टकम् (bhāryāṣṭakam) - an octet of wives, eight wives

• एतेषु (eteṣu) - when these (men)

• यातेषु (yāteṣu) - having gone, when they had gone

• तपसे (tapase) - for performing austerities (tapas) (for austerity, for penance)

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time

• बभूव (babhūva) - it became

• दुःखितम् (duḥkhitam) - distressed, sorrowful

• स्त्रीणाम् (strīṇām) - of women

• यत् (yat) - because (because, whose)

• वियोगः (viyogaḥ) - their separation (from their husbands) (separation)

• अहिदुःसहः (ahiduḥsahaḥ) - extremely difficult to bear (as if even for a serpent) (extremely difficult to bear, unbearable like a serpent)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'bhāryāṣṭakam'.

भार्याष्टकम् (bhāryāṣṭakam) - an octet of wives, eight wives

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhāryāṣṭaka

bhāryāṣṭaka - group of eight wives

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhāryā+aṣṭaka)

• bhāryā – wife
  noun (feminine)
• aṣṭaka – octet, group of eight
  noun (neuter)

एतेषु (eteṣu) - when these (men)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'yāteṣu'.

यातेषु (yāteṣu) - having gone, when they had gone

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of yāta

yāta - gone, departed

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of the root 'yā' (to go).

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'eteṣu'.

तपसे (tapase) - for performing austerities (tapas) (for austerity, for penance)

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, heat

Note: Dative case indicating purpose.

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time

(indeclinable)

बभूव (babhūva) - it became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

दुःखितम् (duḥkhitam) - distressed, sorrowful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkhita

duḥkhita - distressed, grieved, suffering

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of the root 'duḥkh' (to suffer).

Root: duḥkh (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'bhāryāṣṭakam'.

स्त्रीणाम् (strīṇām) - of women

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, wife, female

Note: Refers to the wives.

यत् (yat) - because (because, whose)

(indeclinable)

वियोगः (viyogaḥ) - their separation (from their husbands) (separation)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viyoga

viyoga - separation, disjunction, absence

Derived from root yuj- with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: yuj (class 7)

अहिदुःसहः (ahiduḥsahaḥ) - extremely difficult to bear (as if even for a serpent) (extremely difficult to bear, unbearable like a serpent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ahiduḥsaha

ahiduḥsaha - difficult to bear even by a serpent, extremely difficult to bear

Compound of 'ahi' (serpent) and 'duḥsaha' (hard to bear). Interpreted as 'hard for a serpent to bear', thus implying extreme difficulty.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ahi+duḥsaha)

• ahi – serpent, snake
  noun (masculine)
• duḥsaha – hard to bear, intolerable
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root sah- (to bear) with prefix duḥ- (difficult).
  Prefix: duḥ
  Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'viyogaḥ'.