योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-182, verse-47

धूलीलवमनादृत्य तं जरत्पान्थशङ्कया ।
यदा तौ जग्मतुस्तेन स उवाचान्वितः क्रुधा ॥ ४७ ॥

dhūlīlavamanādṛtya taṃ jaratpānthaśaṅkayā ,
yadā tau jagmatustena sa uvācānvitaḥ krudhā 47

47. dhūlīlavam anādṛtya tam jaratpānthaśaṅkayā yadā
tau jagmatuḥ tena saḥ uvāca anvitaḥ krudhā

47. yadā tau tam jaratpānthaśaṅkayā dhūlīlavam anādṛtya tena jagmatuḥ,
saḥ krudhā anvitaḥ uvāca

47. When they (Rama and Lakshmana) passed him by, neglecting him and mistaking him for an old traveler, he, filled with anger, spoke.

Words meanings summery:

• धूलीलवम् (dhūlīlavam) - him, treated as insignificant as a speck of dust (speck of dust, particle of dust)

• अनादृत्य (anādṛtya) - not paying attention to the ascetic due to misconception (having disregarded, neglecting, slighting)

• तम् (tam) - the short, ash-covered man (the ascetic) (him, that)

• जरत्पान्थशङ्कया (jaratpānthaśaṅkayā) - because they mistook him for an old, ordinary traveler (by the suspicion of (him being) an old traveler)

• यदा (yadā) - indicating the time of the action (when, whenever)

• तौ (tau) - the two characters (Rama and Lakshmana) (they (two), those two)

• जग्मतुः (jagmatuḥ) - Rama and Lakshmana passed by (they two went, they two passed)

• तेन (tena) - by the ascetic (passed by him) (by him, by that)

• सः (saḥ) - the ascetic (Durvasa) (he, that)

• उवाच (uvāca) - the ascetic spoke in anger (he said, he spoke)

• अन्वितः (anvitaḥ) - filled with anger (accompanied by, joined with, endowed with)

• क्रुधा (krudhā) - expressing the state of mind of the ascetic (with anger, out of wrath)

Words meanings and morphology

धूलीलवम् (dhūlīlavam) - him, treated as insignificant as a speck of dust (speck of dust, particle of dust)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhūlīlava

dhūlīlava - speck of dust, particle of dust

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhūlī+lava)

• dhūlī – dust
  noun (feminine)
• lava – piece, particle, bit
  noun (masculine)
  Root: lū

अनादृत्य (anādṛtya) - not paying attention to the ascetic due to misconception (having disregarded, neglecting, slighting)

(indeclinable)

Gerund (Absolutive)

Derived from an-ā-dṛ (to disregard)

Prefixes: an+ā

Root: dṛ

तम् (tam) - the short, ash-covered man (the ascetic) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'anādṛtya'

जरत्पान्थशङ्कया (jaratpānthaśaṅkayā) - because they mistook him for an old, ordinary traveler (by the suspicion of (him being) an old traveler)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of jaratpānthaśaṅkā

jaratpānthaśaṅkā - suspicion of an old traveler

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jaratpāntha+śaṅkā)

• jarat – aging, old, decaying
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From root jṝ (to wear out, grow old)
  Root: jṝ (class 9)
• pāntha – traveler, wayfarer
  noun (masculine)
  Root: path
• śaṅkā – doubt, suspicion, fear
  noun (feminine)
  Root: śaṅk

यदा (yadā) - indicating the time of the action (when, whenever)

(indeclinable)

तौ (tau) - the two characters (Rama and Lakshmana) (they (two), those two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'jagmatuḥ'

जग्मतुः (jagmatuḥ) - Rama and Lakshmana passed by (they two went, they two passed)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect Active

Perfect tense, 3rd person dual active

Root: gam (class 1)

तेन (tena) - by the ascetic (passed by him) (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Indicates passing near or by him.

सः (saḥ) - the ascetic (Durvasa) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'

उवाच (uvāca) - the ascetic spoke in anger (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular active

Root: vac (class 2)

अन्वितः (anvitaḥ) - filled with anger (accompanied by, joined with, endowed with)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anvita

anvita - accompanied by, endowed with, possessed of

Past Passive Participle

Derived from anu-i (to follow, go after)

Prefix: anu

Root: i (class 2)

क्रुधा (krudhā) - expressing the state of mind of the ascetic (with anger, out of wrath)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of krudh

krudh - anger, wrath

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Indicates the means or state accompanying 'anvitaḥ'

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