योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-155, verse-21

तस्मात्कियदनन्तं स्यादिदं दृश्यमनर्थकृत् ।
तस्य पारे कियद्वा स्यादाकाशं दृश्यमेव तत् ॥ २१ ॥

tasmātkiyadanantaṃ syādidaṃ dṛśyamanarthakṛt ,
tasya pāre kiyadvā syādākāśaṃ dṛśyameva tat 21

21. tasmāt kiyat anantam syāt idam dṛśyam anarthakṛt
tasya pāre kiyat vā syāt ākāśam dṛśyam eva tat

21. tasmāt idam dṛśyam anarthakṛt kiyat anantam syāt
vā tasya pāre tat ākāśam dṛśyam eva kiyat syāt

21. Therefore, how infinitely vast could this visible world (dṛśya) be, which brings forth harm? And beyond that, how vast could that very space (ākāśa) be, which is itself merely visible (dṛśya)?

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, hence

• कियत् (kiyat) - how infinitely (modifies 'anantam') (how much, how great, how far)

• अनन्तम् (anantam) - infinite, endless, boundless

• स्यात् (syāt) - could be (may be, should be, exists)

• इदम् (idam) - this (visible world) (this, this one)

• दृश्यम् (dṛśyam) - visible world (dṛśya) (visible, to be seen, the visible world, phenomenon)

• अनर्थकृत् (anarthakṛt) - causing harm, producing ill effect, bringing misfortune

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (visible world) (of that, its)

• पारे (pāre) - beyond, on the other side, across

• कियत् (kiyat) - how vast (how much, how great, how far)

• वा (vā) - And (connecting two questions/statements) (or, either)

• स्यात् (syāt) - could be (may be, should be, exists)

• आकाशम् (ākāśam) - space (ākāśa) (space, ether, sky)

• दृश्यम् (dṛśyam) - visible (dṛśya) (visible, to be seen, the visible world, phenomenon)

• एव (eva) - merely (only, indeed, just)

• तत् (tat) - that very (space) (that, that one)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, hence

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular of 'tad'.

कियत् (kiyat) - how infinitely (modifies 'anantam') (how much, how great, how far)

(indeclinable)

From 'kim' (what) + suffix 'vat'.

Note: Acts as an intensifier.

अनन्तम् (anantam) - infinite, endless, boundless

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ananta

ananta - infinite, endless, boundless, Vishnu/Shesha

From 'a' (not) + 'anta' (end).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+anta)

• a – not, non-, un-
  prefix
• anta – end, limit, boundary, edge
  noun (masculine)

स्यात् (syāt) - could be (may be, should be, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative Mood, Active Voice

Root 'as' + optative suffix 'yā' + personal ending 't'.

Root: as (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - this (visible world) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Subject of 'syāt'.

दृश्यम् (dṛśyam) - visible world (dṛśya) (visible, to be seen, the visible world, phenomenon)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dṛśya

dṛśya - visible, to be seen, the visible world, phenomenon

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

From root 'dṛś' (to see) + suffix 'ya'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

अनर्थकृत् (anarthakṛt) - causing harm, producing ill effect, bringing misfortune

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anarthakṛt

anarthakṛt - causing harm, producing ill effect, bringing misfortune

Agent noun/Adjective

Compound of 'anartha' (misfortune, harm) + 'kṛt' (maker, doer, from root 'kṛ' to do).

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (anartha+kṛt)

• anartha – misfortune, harm, evil, useless
  noun (masculine/neuter)
  From 'a' (not) + 'artha' (purpose, wealth).
  Prefix: a
• kṛt – maker, doer, causing
  adjective
  Agent noun
  From root 'kṛ' (to do, make) + suffix 'kvip' or 'ṇvic'. Forms agent nouns or adjectives.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'dṛśyam'.

तस्य (tasya) - of that (visible world) (of that, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Neuter genitive singular of 'tad'.

पारे (pāre) - beyond, on the other side, across

(indeclinable)

From root 'pṛ' (to cross).

Root: pṛ (class 3)

कियत् (kiyat) - how vast (how much, how great, how far)

(indeclinable)

From 'kim' (what) + suffix 'vat'.

वा (vā) - And (connecting two questions/statements) (or, either)

(indeclinable)

स्यात् (syāt) - could be (may be, should be, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative Mood, Active Voice

Root 'as' + optative suffix 'yā' + personal ending 't'.

Root: as (class 2)

आकाशम् (ākāśam) - space (ākāśa) (space, ether, sky)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - space, ether, sky, vacuity

From 'ā' (towards) + 'kāś' (to shine, appear).

Prefix: ā

Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'syāt'.

दृश्यम् (dṛśyam) - visible (dṛśya) (visible, to be seen, the visible world, phenomenon)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dṛśya

dṛśya - visible, to be seen, the visible world, phenomenon

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

From root 'dṛś' (to see) + suffix 'ya'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'ākāśam'.

एव (eva) - merely (only, indeed, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes that 'ākāśa' is *only* visible, thus implying it's also part of the problematic 'dṛśya'.

तत् (tat) - that very (space) (that, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'ākāśam'.