योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-155, verse-10

तस्मिञ्जगति तैर्भावैस्तैः समं निवसन्सदा ।
बहून्यब्दसहस्राणि चकार सुमहत्तपः ॥ १० ॥

tasmiñjagati tairbhāvaistaiḥ samaṃ nivasansadā ,
bahūnyabdasahasrāṇi cakāra sumahattapaḥ 10

10. tasmin jagati taiḥ bhāvaiḥ taiḥ samam nivasan
sadā bahūni abdasahasrāṇi cakāra sumahat tapaḥ

10. sada tasmin jagati taiḥ bhāvaiḥ taiḥ samam
nivasan bahūni abdasahasrāṇi sumahat tapaḥ cakāra

10. Always residing in that world, surrounded by those beings, he performed very great austerity (tapas) for many thousands of years.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (specific) world (in that, on that)

• जगति (jagati) - in the world (in the world, in the universe, in motion)

• तैः (taiḥ) - with those (beings) (by them, with them, those (masculine/neuter plural instrumental))

• भावैः (bhāvaiḥ) - with (other) beings/entities (by states, by existences, by beings, with feelings)

• तैः (taiḥ) - along with them (referring to 'bhāvaiḥ') (by them, with them, those)

• समम् (samam) - along with (together with, equally, with)

• निवसन् (nivasan) - (he) dwelling (dwelling, residing, living)

• सदा (sadā) - always (always, ever, constantly)

• बहूनि (bahūni) - many (many, numerous)

• अब्दसहस्राणि (abdasahasrāṇi) - thousands of years

• चकार (cakāra) - he performed (he did, he made, he performed)

• सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great (very great, immense)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance, heat)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (specific) world (in that, on that)

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: The base 'tad' is declined for 'jagat' (neuter).

जगति (jagati) - in the world (in the world, in the universe, in motion)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, moving, living beings

Present Active Participle

Derived from root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

तैः (taiḥ) - with those (beings) (by them, with them, those (masculine/neuter plural instrumental))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'bhāvaiḥ'.

भावैः (bhāvaiḥ) - with (other) beings/entities (by states, by existences, by beings, with feelings)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhāva

bhāva - state, condition, existence, nature, sentiment, being

From root bhū (to be, exist)

Root: bhū (class 1)

तैः (taiḥ) - along with them (referring to 'bhāvaiḥ') (by them, with them, those)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Acts as the object for 'samam'.

समम् (samam) - along with (together with, equally, with)

(indeclinable)

Note: Followed by instrumental case (taiḥ).

निवसन् (nivasan) - (he) dwelling (dwelling, residing, living)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nivasat

nivasat - dwelling, residing

Present Active Participle

From root vas (to dwell) with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: vas (class 1)

सदा (sadā) - always (always, ever, constantly)

(indeclinable)

बहूनि (bahūni) - many (many, numerous)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

अब्दसहस्राणि (abdasahasrāṇi) - thousands of years

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of abdasahasra

abdasahasra - thousands of years

Compound of abda (year) and sahasra (thousand).

Compound type : tatpurusha (abda+sahasra)

• abda – year, cloud
  noun (masculine)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

Note: Duration of action.

चकार (cakāra) - he performed (he did, he made, he performed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Perfect Indicative

Root kṛ, Class 8. Perfect tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great (very great, immense)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, immense, excellent

Compound of su (good, very) and mahat (great).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very, easy
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance, heat)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, warmth, penance, austerity, spiritual fervor (tapas)

From root tap (to heat, to burn, to practice austerity).

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Object of 'cakāra'.