योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-105, verse-4

सुहृदा पृच्छता साधु चेतो याति प्रसन्नताम् ।
स्वच्छतोपगतेनाशु कतकेन जलं यथा ॥ ४ ॥

suhṛdā pṛcchatā sādhu ceto yāti prasannatām ,
svacchatopagatenāśu katakena jalaṃ yathā 4

4. suhṛdā pṛcchatā sādhu cetaḥ yāti prasannatām
svacchatopagatena āśu katakena jalam yathā

4. yathā jalam katakena svacchatopagatena āśu
suhṛdā sādhu pṛcchatā cetaḥ prasannatām yāti

4. Just as water quickly becomes clear when purified by a kataka nut, so too the mind attains tranquility when kindly questioned by a friend.

Words meanings summery:

• सुहृदा (suhṛdā) - by a friend, by a good-hearted person

• पृच्छता (pṛcchatā) - by the one asking, by the inquirer

• साधु (sādhu) - properly, kindly, well

• चेतः (cetaḥ) - mind, heart, consciousness

• याति (yāti) - goes, proceeds, attains

• प्रसन्नताम् (prasannatām) - clarity, tranquility, serenity, cheerfulness

• स्वच्छतोपगतेन (svacchatopagatena) - by that which has attained purity/clarity

• आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly

• कतकेन (katakena) - by the clearing nut (Strychnos potatorum) used to clarify water (by a kataka nut)

• जलम् (jalam) - water

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in the manner that

Words meanings and morphology

सुहृदा (suhṛdā) - by a friend, by a good-hearted person

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of suhṛd

suhṛd - friend, good-hearted, benevolent

पृच्छता (pṛcchatā) - by the one asking, by the inquirer

(participle)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pṛcchat

pṛcchat - asking, inquiring, questioning

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'prach' (to ask) with the present active participle suffix 'śatṛ'.

Root: prach (class 6)

साधु (sādhu) - properly, kindly, well

(indeclinable)

चेतः (cetaḥ) - mind, heart, consciousness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cetas

cetas - mind, heart, intellect, consciousness

याति (yāti) - goes, proceeds, attains

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of yā

root verb

Root: yā (class 2)

प्रसन्नताम् (prasannatām) - clarity, tranquility, serenity, cheerfulness

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prasannatā

prasannatā - clarity, tranquility, serenity, cheerfulness, favor, grace

Derived from 'prasanna' (clear, calm, pleased) + suffix '-tā' (abstract noun).

स्वच्छतोपगतेन (svacchatopagatena) - by that which has attained purity/clarity

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of svacchatopagata

svacchatopagata - one who has obtained purity/clarity

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svacchatā+upagata)

• svacchatā – purity, cleanliness, clarity
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from 'svaccha' (clean, clear) + suffix '-tā'.
• upagata – approached, attained, reached, obtained
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'gam' (to go) with upasarga 'upa-' and past passive participle suffix '-ta'.
  Prefix: upa
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'jalam'.

आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

कतकेन (katakena) - by the clearing nut (Strychnos potatorum) used to clarify water (by a kataka nut)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kataka

kataka - kataka nut, clearing nut (Strychnos potatorum), bracelet, ring

जलम् (jalam) - water

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jala

jala - water

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in the manner that

(indeclinable)