योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-104, verse-41

ये ह्यतत्त्वविदो मूढा राजन्बालतयैव ते ।
अवस्थाभ्यः पलायन्ते गृहीताभ्यः स्वभावतः ॥ ४१ ॥

ye hyatattvavido mūḍhā rājanbālatayaiva te ,
avasthābhyaḥ palāyante gṛhītābhyaḥ svabhāvataḥ 41

41. ye hi atattvavidaḥ mūḍhāḥ rājan bālatayā eva te
avasthābhyaḥ palāyante gṛhītābhyaḥ svabhāvataḥ

41. rājan ye hi atattvavidaḥ mūḍhāḥ te bālatayā eva
svabhāvataḥ gṛhītābhyaḥ avasthābhyaḥ palāyante

41. Indeed, O king, those foolish and deluded individuals who do not comprehend ultimate reality (tattva) attempt to flee from states of being that are naturally inherent to them, just like children.

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - those who, which

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• अतत्त्वविदः (atattvavidaḥ) - those who do not know the truth/reality

• मूढाः (mūḍhāḥ) - foolish, deluded, bewildered

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• बालतया (bālatayā) - by childishness, like a child

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• ते (te) - they

• अवस्थाभ्यः (avasthābhyaḥ) - from states, conditions

• पलायन्ते (palāyante) - they flee, escape

• गृहीताभ्यः (gṛhītābhyaḥ) - from those grasped, seized, assumed, taken

• स्वभावतः (svabhāvataḥ) - naturally, by their own nature, spontaneously

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - those who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what, inasmuch as

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

अतत्त्वविदः (atattvavidaḥ) - those who do not know the truth/reality

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of atattvavid

atattvavid - one who does not know the truth/reality, ignorant of truth

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+tattva+vid)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• tattva – truth, reality, principle, essence
  noun (neuter)
• vid – knowing, one who knows, wise
  adjective
  derived from root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'ye'.

मूढाः (mūḍhāḥ) - foolish, deluded, bewildered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mūḍha

mūḍha - foolish, ignorant, bewildered, deluded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root muh (to be bewildered, confused)

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'ye'.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

बालतया (bālatayā) - by childishness, like a child

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of bālatā

bālatā - childishness, state of being a child

Derived from bāla (child) + tā (suffix for abstract noun)

Note: Implies 'due to childishness' or 'like children'.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers back to 'ye'.

अवस्थाभ्यः (avasthābhyaḥ) - from states, conditions

(noun)

Ablative, feminine, plural of avasthā

avasthā - state, condition, situation, stage of life

from ava-sthā (to stand down, to be in a certain state)

Prefix: ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Object from which one flees.

पलायन्ते (palāyante) - they flee, escape

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of palāyate

Middle voice from parā-ā-i (to go forth)

Prefixes: parā+ā

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Refers to 'ye/te'.

गृहीताभ्यः (gṛhītābhyaḥ) - from those grasped, seized, assumed, taken

(adjective)

Ablative, feminine, plural of gṛhīta

gṛhīta - grasped, seized, taken, accepted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root grah (to seize, take)

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'avasthābhyaḥ'.

स्वभावतः (svabhāvataḥ) - naturally, by their own nature, spontaneously

(indeclinable)

from svabhāva (own nature) + tas (ablative suffix indicating 'from' or 'by means of')