योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-31, verse-4

उत्पत्त्योत्पत्त्य नश्यन्ति भासुराकारघर्घराः ।
क्षीणप्रस्फुरितारम्भास्तरङ्गा इव वारिधेः ॥ ४ ॥

utpattyotpattya naśyanti bhāsurākāraghargharāḥ ,
kṣīṇaprasphuritārambhāstaraṅgā iva vāridheḥ 4

4. utpattya utpattya naśyanti bhāsurākāraghargharāḥ
kṣīṇaprasphuritārambhāḥ taraṅgāḥ iva vāridheḥ

4. vāridheḥ taraṅgāḥ iva bhāsurākāraghargharāḥ
kṣīṇaprasphuritārambhāḥ utpattya utpattya naśyanti

4. Like the waves of the ocean, which, though having brilliant forms and roaring sounds, arise repeatedly only to perish, having their initial surge quickly diminish.

Words meanings summery:

• उत्पत्त्य (utpattya) - having arisen, having sprung up

• उत्पत्त्य (utpattya) - having arisen, having sprung up

• नश्यन्ति (naśyanti) - they perish, they are destroyed

• भासुराकारघर्घराः (bhāsurākāraghargharāḥ) - having brilliant forms and roaring sounds

• क्षीणप्रस्फुरितारम्भाः (kṣīṇaprasphuritārambhāḥ) - whose initial flickering/surge has diminished

• तरङ्गाः (taraṅgāḥ) - waves

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• वारिधेः (vāridheḥ) - of the ocean

Words meanings and morphology

उत्पत्त्य (utpattya) - having arisen, having sprung up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from `ut` (prefix) + `pad` (root) + `lyaP` (suffix for absolutive when prefix is present).

Prefix: ut

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Used repetitively to indicate continuous action.

उत्पत्त्य (utpattya) - having arisen, having sprung up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from `ut` (prefix) + `pad` (root) + `lyaP` (suffix for absolutive when prefix is present).

Prefix: ut

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Used repetitively to indicate continuous action.

नश्यन्ति (naśyanti) - they perish, they are destroyed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of naś

Present Active

Present 3rd plural, root `naś` (class 4), `śyan` augment.

Root: naś (class 4)

भासुराकारघर्घराः (bhāsurākāraghargharāḥ) - having brilliant forms and roaring sounds

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhāsurākāragharghara

bhāsurākāragharghara - one whose form is brilliant and who has a roaring sound

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (bhāsura+ākāra+gharghara)

• bhāsura – brilliant, shining, radiant
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: bhās (class 1)
• ākāra – form, shape, appearance, aspect
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
• gharghara – roaring, murmuring, gurgling (sound)
  adjective (masculine)
  Onomatopoeic.

Note: Adjectival compound modifying 'taraṅgāḥ'.

क्षीणप्रस्फुरितारम्भाः (kṣīṇaprasphuritārambhāḥ) - whose initial flickering/surge has diminished

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣīṇaprasphuritārambha

kṣīṇaprasphuritārambha - one whose beginning of flickering/surging is diminished

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (kṣīṇa+prasphurita+ārambha)

• kṣīṇa – diminished, wasted, exhausted, decayed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `kṣi` (to decay, waste away) + `kta` suffix.
  Root: kṣi (class 1)
• prasphurita – flickering, trembling, surging, blossomed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From `pra` (prefix) + `sphur` (root, to throb, flicker) + `kta` suffix.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sphur (class 6)
• ārambha – beginning, commencement, undertaking, enterprise
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: rabh (class 1)

Note: Adjectival compound modifying 'taraṅgāḥ'.

तरङ्गाः (taraṅgāḥ) - waves

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of taraṅga

taraṅga - wave, surge, ripple

Note: Subject of the verb 'naśyanti'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

वारिधेः (vāridheḥ) - of the ocean

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vāridhi

vāridhi - ocean, sea (literally: 'water-holder')

Compound of `vāri` (water) + `dhi` (holding, from root `dhā`).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (vāri+dhi)

• vāri – water
  noun (neuter)
• dhi – holder, receptacle
  noun (masculine)
  From root `dhā` (to place, hold).
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Possessive case for 'taraṅgāḥ'.