योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-31, verse-21

पूर्वं यैरेव मत्तातश्चामरैरुपवीजितः ।
सहस्रनयनः स्वर्गे कष्टं तैरेव वीज्यते ॥ २१ ॥

pūrvaṃ yaireva mattātaścāmarairupavījitaḥ ,
sahasranayanaḥ svarge kaṣṭaṃ taireva vījyate 21

21. pūrvam yaiḥ eva mat-tātaḥ cāmaraiḥ upavījitaḥ
sahasranayanaḥ svarge kaṣṭam taiḥ eva vījyate

21. kaṣṭam mat-tātaḥ pūrvam yaiḥ eva cāmaraiḥ
upavījitaḥ sahasranayanaḥ svarge taiḥ eva vījyate

21. Alas! My father was formerly fanned by whisks. Now, lamentably, in heaven, the thousand-eyed (Indra) is being fanned by those very (same) implements.

Words meanings summery:

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously, before.

• यैः (yaiḥ) - Referring to the whisks (cāmaraiḥ). (by whom, by which.)

• एव (eva) - Emphasizing 'those very' whisks. (indeed, only, very.)

• मत्-तातः (mat-tātaḥ) - The speaker's father, a king whose fate is being lamented. (my father.)

• चामरैः (cāmaraiḥ) - The instruments of fanning, typically symbols of royalty. (by whisks, by yak-tail fans.)

• उपवीजितः (upavījitaḥ) - Indicates the past action of being fanned for the father. (fanned, was fanned.)

• सहस्रनयनः (sahasranayanaḥ) - Lord Indra, the king of gods, known for his thousand eyes (an epithet). (the thousand-eyed one.)

• स्वर्गे (svarge) - in heaven, in the celestial world.

• कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - Exclamation of sorrow or regret over Indra's situation. (Alas! Woe! Misery.)

• तैः (taiḥ) - Referring back to the cāmaraiḥ (whisks), implying the same kind or type of implements. (by them, by those.)

• एव (eva) - Emphasizing 'those very' implements. (indeed, only, very.)

• वीज्यते (vījyate) - Referring to Indra being fanned, but in a lamentable context, implying diminished glory or an unfortunate situation. (is fanned, is being fanned.)

Words meanings and morphology

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously, before.

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially.

यैः (yaiḥ) - Referring to the whisks (cāmaraiḥ). (by whom, by which.)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, who.

Note: Relative pronoun, agrees with cāmaraiḥ.

एव (eva) - Emphasizing 'those very' whisks. (indeed, only, very.)

(indeclinable)

मत्-तातः (mat-tātaḥ) - The speaker's father, a king whose fate is being lamented. (my father.)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mat-tāta

mat-tāta - my father.

mad (my) + tāta (father).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (mad+tāta)

• mad – my, of me (stem of aham).
  pronoun
• tāta – father, son, dear one.
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of upavījitaḥ.

चामरैः (cāmaraiḥ) - The instruments of fanning, typically symbols of royalty. (by whisks, by yak-tail fans.)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of cāmara

cāmara - yak-tail whisk, fan (used as a symbol of royalty).

उपवीजितः (upavījitaḥ) - Indicates the past action of being fanned for the father. (fanned, was fanned.)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upavījita

upavījita - fanned.

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vīj (to fan) with prefix upa and suffix kta.

Prefix: upa

Root: vīj (class 1)

Note: Predicative use, agreeing with mat-tātaḥ.

सहस्रनयनः (sahasranayanaḥ) - Lord Indra, the king of gods, known for his thousand eyes (an epithet). (the thousand-eyed one.)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahasranayana

sahasranayana - thousand-eyed (epithet of Indra).

sahasra (thousand) + nayana (eye).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (sahasra+nayana)

• sahasra – thousand.
  noun (neuter)
• nayana – eye.
  noun (neuter)
  From root nī (to lead) + ana suffix, means leading, but also eye (that which leads sight).
  Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Subject of vījyate.

स्वर्गे (svarge) - in heaven, in the celestial world.

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, celestial world.

su (good) + gam (to go) + a (suffix) -> place of good going.

Root: svar

कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - Exclamation of sorrow or regret over Indra's situation. (Alas! Woe! Misery.)

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle of root kaṣ (to rub, to test) used as a noun.

Root: kaṣ (class 1)

Note: Used as an interjection.

तैः (taiḥ) - Referring back to the cāmaraiḥ (whisks), implying the same kind or type of implements. (by them, by those.)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, them.

एव (eva) - Emphasizing 'those very' implements. (indeed, only, very.)

(indeclinable)

वीज्यते (vījyate) - Referring to Indra being fanned, but in a lamentable context, implying diminished glory or an unfortunate situation. (is fanned, is being fanned.)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vīj

Present Passive

Derived from root vīj (to fan) in passive voice, ya affix.

Root: vīj (class 1)