योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-31, verse-20

कष्टं तात पुरंध्रीणा शुष्काम्बुरुहनीरसाः ।
विलासाः सुरनारीभिर्भर्त्स्यन्ते लास्यलीलया ॥ २० ॥

kaṣṭaṃ tāta puraṃdhrīṇā śuṣkāmburuhanīrasāḥ ,
vilāsāḥ suranārībhirbhartsyante lāsyalīlayā 20

20. kaṣṭam tāta purandhrīṇām śuṣkāmburuhanīrasāḥ
vilāsāḥ suranārībhiḥ bhartsyante lāsyalīlayā

20. tāta kaṣṭam purandhrīṇām śuṣkāmburuhanīrasāḥ
vilāsāḥ suranārībhiḥ lāsyalīlayā bhartsyante

20. Alas, dear one! The allurements of human women, dull like dry lotuses, are shamed by the graceful dances of celestial maidens.

Words meanings summery:

• कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - An exclamation of sorrow or regret. (Alas! Woe! Misery.)

• तात (tāta) - A term of affectionate address, 'dear one'. (dear one, father, son, sir.)

• पुरन्ध्रीणाम् (purandhrīṇām) - of wives, of women.

• शुष्काम्बुरुहनीरसाः (śuṣkāmburuhanīrasāḥ) - Describing the allurements/charms as lacking vitality and appeal. (tasteless like a dry lotus, dull like a dry lotus, sapless like a dry lotus.)

• विलासाः (vilāsāḥ) - The attractive qualities or coquetry of human women. (charms, allurements, playful gestures, dalliances.)

• सुरनारीभिः (suranārībhiḥ) - by divine women, by celestial nymphs.

• भर्त्स्यन्ते (bhartsyante) - are reproached, are scorned, are put to shame.

• लास्यलीलया (lāsyalīlayā) - The elegant and playful manner in which the celestial nymphs dance. (by the grace of a dance, by playful dance.)

Words meanings and morphology

कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - An exclamation of sorrow or regret. (Alas! Woe! Misery.)

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle of root kaṣ (to rub, to test) used as a noun.

Root: kaṣ (class 1)

Note: Used as an interjection.

तात (tāta) - A term of affectionate address, 'dear one'. (dear one, father, son, sir.)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, son, dear one (term of endearment), sir.

पुरन्ध्रीणाम् (purandhrīṇām) - of wives, of women.

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of purandhrī

purandhrī - woman, wife, mistress of a house.

शुष्काम्बुरुहनीरसाः (śuṣkāmburuhanīrasāḥ) - Describing the allurements/charms as lacking vitality and appeal. (tasteless like a dry lotus, dull like a dry lotus, sapless like a dry lotus.)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śuṣkāmburuhanīrasa

śuṣkāmburuhanīrasa - tasteless/sapless like a dry lotus.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (śuṣka+amburuha+nīrasa)

• śuṣka – dry, dried up, withered.
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root śuṣ (to dry) with suffix kta.
  Root: śuṣ (class 4)
• amburuha – lotus (born from water).
  noun (neuter)
  amba (water) + ruha (growing from)
  Root: ruh (class 1)
• nīrasa – sapless, tasteless, dull, uninteresting, devoid of feeling.
  adjective (masculine)
  ni (not) + rasa (juice, essence, taste).

Note: Agrees with vilāsāḥ.

विलासाः (vilāsāḥ) - The attractive qualities or coquetry of human women. (charms, allurements, playful gestures, dalliances.)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vilāsa

vilāsa - play, sport, amusement, pleasure, charm, grace, coquetry, dalliance.

From root las (to sport) with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: las (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verb bhartsyante.

सुरनारीभिः (suranārībhiḥ) - by divine women, by celestial nymphs.

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of suranārī

suranārī - divine woman, celestial nymph.

sura (god) + nārī (woman).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (sura+nārī)

• sura – god, deity.
  noun (masculine)
• nārī – woman, wife.
  noun (feminine)
  From nṛ (man) + ī (suffix for feminine).
  Root: nṛ

Note: Agent in passive construction.

भर्त्स्यन्ते (bhartsyante) - are reproached, are scorned, are put to shame.

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of bharts

Present Passive

Derived from causative of root bhṛj (to fry, roast) or from bharts directly.

Root: bharts (class 10)

लास्यलीलया (lāsyalīlayā) - The elegant and playful manner in which the celestial nymphs dance. (by the grace of a dance, by playful dance.)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of lāsyalīlā

lāsyalīlā - graceful dance, playful dance.

lāsya (dance) + līlā (play, grace).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (lāsya+līlā)

• lāsya – dance, graceful dance (especially by women).
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From root las (to sport, dance) with suffix ṇyat or yat.
  Root: las (class 1)
• līlā – play, sport, amusement, grace, ease, charm.
  noun (feminine)
  Root: līl (class 1)