योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-21, verse-2

दिक्कालाद्यनवच्छिन्ने तते नित्ये निरामये ।
म्लाना संविन्मनोनाम्नी कुतः केयमुपस्थिता ॥ २ ॥

dikkālādyanavacchinne tate nitye nirāmaye ,
mlānā saṃvinmanonāmnī kutaḥ keyamupasthitā 2

2. dik-kāla-ādi-anavacchinne tate nitye nirāmaye | mlānā
saṃvit manonāmnī kutaḥ kā iyam upasthitā || 2 ||

2. dik-kāla-ādi-anavacchinne,
tate,
nitye,
nirāmaye [brahmaṇi],
mlānā manonāmnī saṃvit kutaḥ iyam kā upasthitā?

2. In that reality which is unlimited by space and time, all-pervading, eternal, and free from defect—from where and how has this withered consciousness, known as the mind, arisen and come to exist?

2. במה שאינו מוגבל על ידי מקום, זמן וכדומה, במה שנצחי, מקיף הכל וחופשי מכל נגע – מאין ומהי פעילות החשיבה הקמלה הזו, המכונה חשיבה, שהופיעה כאן?

Words meanings summery:

• दिक्-काल-आदि-अनवच्छिन्ने (dik-kāla-ādi-anavacchinne) - in that which is unlimited by space, time, and so on (in that which is unlimited by directions, time, etc.)

• तते (tate) - in that which is all-pervading (in that which is spread, extended, pervading)

• नित्ये (nitye) - in that which is eternal (in the eternal, in the constant)

• निरामये (nirāmaye) - in that which is free from blemish or defect (in that which is free from illness/defect)

• म्लाना (mlānā) - withered, diminished (describing the mind's consciousness) (withered, faded, defiled, weak)

• संवित् (saṁvit) - consciousness (consciousness, knowledge, understanding)

• मनोनाम्नी (manonāmnī) - known as the mind (named 'mind', having the name 'mind')

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where? (from where? whence?)

• का (kā) - how, what (is this, referring to its nature) (who (feminine), what)

• इयम् (iyam) - this (consciousness) (this (feminine))

• उपस्थिता (upasthitā) - arisen, come to exist (appeared, present, stood near, arisen)

Words meanings and morphology

दिक्-काल-आदि-अनवच्छिन्ने (dik-kāla-ādi-anavacchinne) - in that which is unlimited by space, time, and so on (in that which is unlimited by directions, time, etc.)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of dik-kāla-ādi-anavacchinna

dik-kāla-ādi-anavacchinna - not limited by space, time, etc.

Long compound: 'dik-kāla-ādi' (directions, time, etc.) + 'anavacchinna' (unlimited).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa within a bahuvrīhi/tatpuruṣa (dik+kāla+ādi+anavacchinna)

• dik – direction, quarter of the sky, space
  noun (feminine)
  From verbal root √diś (to point)
  Root: diś (class 6)
• kāla – time
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kal (class 1)
• ādi – beginning, etcetera, and so on
  indeclinable/noun
• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• avacchinna – limited, cut off, separated
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From verbal root √chid (to cut) with prefix ava-
  Prefix: ava
  Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Qualifies the ultimate reality.

तते (tate) - in that which is all-pervading (in that which is spread, extended, pervading)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of tata

tata - stretched, extended, pervading, spread

Past Passive Participle

From verbal root √tan (to stretch, extend).

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Qualifies the ultimate reality.

नित्ये (nitye) - in that which is eternal (in the eternal, in the constant)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of nitya

nitya - eternal, perpetual, constant, permanent

Note: Qualifies the ultimate reality.

निरामये (nirāmaye) - in that which is free from blemish or defect (in that which is free from illness/defect)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of nirāmaya

nirāmaya - free from illness, healthy, unimpaired, free from defect

Compound of 'nis-' (without) + 'āmaya' (illness, defect).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+āmaya)

• nis – out, forth, without, negation
  indeclinable
• āmaya – illness, disease, trouble, defect
  noun (masculine)
  From verbal root √am (to go, move) with prefix ā-
  Prefix: ā
  Root: am (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the ultimate reality.

म्लाना (mlānā) - withered, diminished (describing the mind's consciousness) (withered, faded, defiled, weak)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mlāna

mlāna - withered, faded, defiled, exhausted, weak

Past Passive Participle

From verbal root √mlai (to fade, wither).

Root: mlai (class 1)

Note: Feminine nominative singular, agreeing with 'saṃvit'.

संवित् (saṁvit) - consciousness (consciousness, knowledge, understanding)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of saṃvid

saṁvid - consciousness, knowledge, understanding, intelligence

From verbal root √vid (to know) with prefix sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject of the question.

मनोनाम्नी (manonāmnī) - known as the mind (named 'mind', having the name 'mind')

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of manonāmnin

manonāmnin - having the name 'mind'

Compound of 'manas' (mind) + 'nāmnin' (named).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (manas+nāmnin)

• manas – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man (class 4)
• nāmnin – named, called, bearing a name
  adjective
  From 'nāman' (name) with suffix '-in'

Note: Attributes to 'saṃvit'.

कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where? (from where? whence?)

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from 'kim' (what).

Note: Interrogative adverb.

का (kā) - how, what (is this, referring to its nature) (who (feminine), what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Interrogative pronoun, feminine nominative singular.

Note: Used in the interrogative 'kā iyam' (what is this?).

इयम् (iyam) - this (consciousness) (this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Demonstrative pronoun, feminine nominative singular.

Note: Refers to 'saṃvit' and acts as a demonstrative for the question.

उपस्थिता (upasthitā) - arisen, come to exist (appeared, present, stood near, arisen)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of upasthita

upasthita - stood near, present, appeared, arisen

Past Passive Participle

From verbal root √sthā (to stand) with prefix upa-.

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Feminine nominative singular, agreeing with 'saṃvit'.

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