योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-21, verse-2

दिक्कालाद्यनवच्छिन्ने तते नित्ये निरामये ।
म्लाना संविन्मनोनाम्नी कुतः केयमुपस्थिता ॥ २ ॥

dikkālādyanavacchinne tate nitye nirāmaye ,
mlānā saṃvinmanonāmnī kutaḥ keyamupasthitā 2

2. dik-kāla-ādi-anavacchinne tate nitye nirāmaye | mlānā
saṃvit manonāmnī kutaḥ kā iyam upasthitā || 2 ||

2. dik-kāla-ādi-anavacchinne,
tate,
nitye,
nirāmaye [brahmaṇi],
mlānā manonāmnī saṃvit kutaḥ iyam kā upasthitā?

2. In that reality which is unlimited by space and time, all-pervading, eternal, and free from defect—from where and how has this withered consciousness, known as the mind, arisen and come to exist?

Words meanings summery:

• दिक्-काल-आदि-अनवच्छिन्ने (dik-kāla-ādi-anavacchinne) - in that which is unlimited by space, time, and so on (in that which is unlimited by directions, time, etc.)

• तते (tate) - in that which is all-pervading (in that which is spread, extended, pervading)

• नित्ये (nitye) - in that which is eternal (in the eternal, in the constant)

• निरामये (nirāmaye) - in that which is free from blemish or defect (in that which is free from illness/defect)

• म्लाना (mlānā) - withered, diminished (describing the mind's consciousness) (withered, faded, defiled, weak)

• संवित् (saṁvit) - consciousness (consciousness, knowledge, understanding)

• मनोनाम्नी (manonāmnī) - known as the mind (named 'mind', having the name 'mind')

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where? (from where? whence?)

• का (kā) - how, what (is this, referring to its nature) (who (feminine), what)

• इयम् (iyam) - this (consciousness) (this (feminine))

• उपस्थिता (upasthitā) - arisen, come to exist (appeared, present, stood near, arisen)

Words meanings and morphology

दिक्-काल-आदि-अनवच्छिन्ने (dik-kāla-ādi-anavacchinne) - in that which is unlimited by space, time, and so on (in that which is unlimited by directions, time, etc.)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of dik-kāla-ādi-anavacchinna

dik-kāla-ādi-anavacchinna - not limited by space, time, etc.

Long compound: 'dik-kāla-ādi' (directions, time, etc.) + 'anavacchinna' (unlimited).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa within a bahuvrīhi/tatpuruṣa (dik+kāla+ādi+anavacchinna)

• dik – direction, quarter of the sky, space
  noun (feminine)
  From verbal root √diś (to point)
  Root: diś (class 6)
• kāla – time
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kal (class 1)
• ādi – beginning, etcetera, and so on
  indeclinable/noun
• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• avacchinna – limited, cut off, separated
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From verbal root √chid (to cut) with prefix ava-
  Prefix: ava
  Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Qualifies the ultimate reality.

तते (tate) - in that which is all-pervading (in that which is spread, extended, pervading)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of tata

tata - stretched, extended, pervading, spread

Past Passive Participle

From verbal root √tan (to stretch, extend).

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Qualifies the ultimate reality.

नित्ये (nitye) - in that which is eternal (in the eternal, in the constant)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of nitya

nitya - eternal, perpetual, constant, permanent

Note: Qualifies the ultimate reality.

निरामये (nirāmaye) - in that which is free from blemish or defect (in that which is free from illness/defect)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of nirāmaya

nirāmaya - free from illness, healthy, unimpaired, free from defect

Compound of 'nis-' (without) + 'āmaya' (illness, defect).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+āmaya)

• nis – out, forth, without, negation
  indeclinable
• āmaya – illness, disease, trouble, defect
  noun (masculine)
  From verbal root √am (to go, move) with prefix ā-
  Prefix: ā
  Root: am (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the ultimate reality.

म्लाना (mlānā) - withered, diminished (describing the mind's consciousness) (withered, faded, defiled, weak)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mlāna

mlāna - withered, faded, defiled, exhausted, weak

Past Passive Participle

From verbal root √mlai (to fade, wither).

Root: mlai (class 1)

Note: Feminine nominative singular, agreeing with 'saṃvit'.

संवित् (saṁvit) - consciousness (consciousness, knowledge, understanding)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of saṃvid

saṁvid - consciousness, knowledge, understanding, intelligence

From verbal root √vid (to know) with prefix sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject of the question.

मनोनाम्नी (manonāmnī) - known as the mind (named 'mind', having the name 'mind')

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of manonāmnin

manonāmnin - having the name 'mind'

Compound of 'manas' (mind) + 'nāmnin' (named).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (manas+nāmnin)

• manas – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man (class 4)
• nāmnin – named, called, bearing a name
  adjective
  From 'nāman' (name) with suffix '-in'

Note: Attributes to 'saṃvit'.

कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where? (from where? whence?)

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from 'kim' (what).

Note: Interrogative adverb.

का (kā) - how, what (is this, referring to its nature) (who (feminine), what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Interrogative pronoun, feminine nominative singular.

Note: Used in the interrogative 'kā iyam' (what is this?).

इयम् (iyam) - this (consciousness) (this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Demonstrative pronoun, feminine nominative singular.

Note: Refers to 'saṃvit' and acts as a demonstrative for the question.

उपस्थिता (upasthitā) - arisen, come to exist (appeared, present, stood near, arisen)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of upasthita

upasthita - stood near, present, appeared, arisen

Past Passive Participle

From verbal root √sthā (to stand) with prefix upa-.

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Feminine nominative singular, agreeing with 'saṃvit'.