योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-16, verse-48

कार्श्यमाप क्षणेनासौ बाला विरसतां गता ।
यथा स्रोतस्विनी स्रोतक्षये क्षारविधूसरा ॥ ४८ ॥

kārśyamāpa kṣaṇenāsau bālā virasatāṃ gatā ,
yathā srotasvinī srotakṣaye kṣāravidhūsarā 48

48. kārśyam āpa kṣaṇena asau bālā virasatām gatā
yathā srotasvinī srotakṣaye kṣāravidhūsarā

48. asau bālā kṣaṇena kārśyam āpa virasatām gatā
yathā srotasvinī srotakṣaye kṣāravidhūsarā

48. In an instant, that young woman became emaciated and lost her charm, just as a river, with its current dried up, becomes pale and discolored by salt.

Words meanings summery:

• कार्श्यम् (kārśyam) - emaciation, thinness, leanness

• आप (āpa) - obtained, reached, got

• क्षणेन (kṣaṇena) - in an instant, quickly, in a moment

• असौ (asau) - she, that (person/thing)

• बाला (bālā) - young woman, girl

• विरसताम् (virasatām) - to dullness, to loss of charm, to tastelessness

• गता (gatā) - having gone, reached, attained

• यथा (yathā) - just as, like

• स्रोतस्विनी (srotasvinī) - river, stream

• स्रोतक्षये (srotakṣaye) - in the drying up of its stream, in the loss of its current

• क्षारविधूसरा (kṣāravidhūsarā) - pale/discolored with salt, grey with salt

Words meanings and morphology

कार्श्यम् (kārśyam) - emaciation, thinness, leanness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kārśya

kārśya - emaciation, thinness, leanness

From kṛśa (thin) + ṣyaÑ (abstract noun suffix)

Root: kṛś

Note: Acts as the object of 'āpa'.

आप (āpa) - obtained, reached, got

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of āp

Perfect active

Reduplicated perfect form of √āp

Root: āp (class 5)

क्षणेन (kṣaṇena) - in an instant, quickly, in a moment

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṣaṇa

kṣaṇa - an instant, a moment, a short time

असौ (asau) - she, that (person/thing)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of adas

adas - that, yonder

Note: Subject of the sentence.

बाला (bālā) - young woman, girl

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bālā

bālā - girl, young woman, child (feminine)

From bāla (young) + ṭāp (feminine suffix)

Note: Appositive to 'asau'.

विरसताम् (virasatām) - to dullness, to loss of charm, to tastelessness

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of virasatā

virasatā - tastelessness, dullness, loss of charm/luster

From virasa (tasteless, dull) + tal (abstract noun suffix) + ṭāp (feminine suffix)

Note: Acts as the object of 'gatā'.

गता (gatā) - having gone, reached, attained

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gata

gata - gone, reached, attained

Past Passive Participle

From √gam (to go) + kta (PPP suffix)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used predicatively.

यथा (yathā) - just as, like

(indeclinable)

स्रोतस्विनी (srotasvinī) - river, stream

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of srotasvinī

srotasvinī - a river, a stream (feminine)

From srotas (stream) + vin + ī (feminine suffix)

स्रोतक्षये (srotakṣaye) - in the drying up of its stream, in the loss of its current

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of srotakṣaya

srotakṣaya - drying up/loss of a stream/current

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (srotas+kṣaya)

• srotas – stream, current, flow
  noun (neuter)
  From √sru (to flow)
  Root: sru
• kṣaya – loss, destruction, decay, decline, drying up
  noun (masculine)
  From √kṣi (to waste, destroy)
  Root: kṣi

क्षारविधूसरा (kṣāravidhūsarā) - pale/discolored with salt, grey with salt

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṣāravidhūsara

kṣāravidhūsara - pale/discolored with salt, grey with salt

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣāra+vidhūsara)

• kṣāra – saline, salty, caustic; salt, alkali
  noun (neuter)
• vidhūsara – pale, discolored, greyish, ash-colored
  adjective (masculine)
  From vi (intensifier) + dhūsara (dusty, grey)
  Prefix: vi