वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-11, verse-25

धारयन्माहिषं रूपं तीक्ष्णशृङ्गो भयावहः ।
प्रावृषीव महामेघस्तोयपूर्णो नभस्तले ॥२५॥

25. dhārayanmāhiṣaṃ rūpaṃ tīkṣṇaśṛṅgo bhayāvahaḥ ,
prāvṛṣīva mahāmeghastoyapūrṇo nabhastale.

25. dhārayan māhiṣam rūpam tīkṣṇaśṛṅgaḥ bhayāvahaḥ
prāvṛṣī iva mahāmeghaḥ toyapūrṇaḥ nabhastale

25. māhiṣam rūpam dhārayan tīkṣṇaśṛṅgaḥ bhayāvahaḥ (saḥ
dundubhiḥ) prāvṛṣī nabhastale toyapūrṇaḥ mahāmeghaḥ iva

25. Assuming the form of a buffalo, with sharp horns and a terrifying appearance, he was like a great cloud, full of water, in the sky during the rainy season.

Words meanings summery:

• धारयन् (dhārayan) - assuming, bearing, holding

• माहिषम् (māhiṣam) - of a buffalo, buffalo-like

• रूपम् (rūpam) - form, appearance, shape

• तीक्ष्णशृङ्गः (tīkṣṇaśṛṅgaḥ) - sharp-horned

• भयावहः (bhayāvahaḥ) - terrifying, formidable, fearful

• प्रावृषी (prāvṛṣī) - in the rainy season

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• महामेघः (mahāmeghaḥ) - great cloud

• तोयपूर्णः (toyapūrṇaḥ) - filled with water

• नभस्तले (nabhastale) - in the sky, in the atmosphere

Words meanings and morphology

धारयन् (dhārayan) - assuming, bearing, holding

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhārayat

dhārayat - holding, bearing, assuming

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of the causative of root dhṛ

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

माहिषम् (māhiṣam) - of a buffalo, buffalo-like

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of māhiṣa

māhiṣa - relating to a buffalo, buffalo-like

Derived from mahiṣa (buffalo)

Note: Agrees with rūpam.

रूपम् (rūpam) - form, appearance, shape

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, beauty

Note: Object of dhārayan.

तीक्ष्णशृङ्गः (tīkṣṇaśṛṅgaḥ) - sharp-horned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tīkṣṇaśṛṅga

tīkṣṇaśṛṅga - having sharp horns, sharp-horned

Compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tīkṣṇa+śṛṅga)

• tīkṣṇa – sharp, keen, fierce
  adjective (masculine)
• śṛṅga – horn, peak
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with Dundubhi (implied subject).

भयावहः (bhayāvahaḥ) - terrifying, formidable, fearful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhayāvaha

bhayāvaha - causing fear, terrifying, formidable

Formed from bhaya (fear) and vaha (bearing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhaya+āvaha)

• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
• āvaha – bringing, causing, producing
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root vah (to carry) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Dundubhi (implied subject).

प्रावृषी (prāvṛṣī) - in the rainy season

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of prāvṛṣ

prāvṛṣ - rainy season, monsoon

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

महामेघः (mahāmeghaḥ) - great cloud

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāmegha

mahāmegha - great cloud, massive cloud

Compound

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+megha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• megha – cloud
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mih (class 1)

Note: Part of the simile.

तोयपूर्णः (toyapūrṇaḥ) - filled with water

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of toyapūrṇa

toyapūrṇa - filled with water, full of water

Compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (toya+pūrṇa)

• toya – water
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tu (class 1)
• pūrṇa – full, complete, filled
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root pṛ
  Root: pṛ (class 9)

Note: Agrees with mahāmeghaḥ.

नभस्तले (nabhastale) - in the sky, in the atmosphere

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of nabhastala

nabhastala - sky, expanse of sky, atmosphere

Compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nabhas+tala)

• nabhas – sky, atmosphere, cloud
  noun (neuter)
• tala – surface, plain, flat ground, expanse
  noun (neuter)

Note: Location for the cloud.

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