वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-11, verse-17

क्लेष्टुमर्हसि मां न त्वं दुन्दुभे धर्मवत्सल ।
रणकर्मस्वकुशलस्तपस्विशरणं ह्यहम् ॥१७॥

17. kleṣṭumarhasi māṃ na tvaṃ dundubhe dharmavatsala ,
raṇakarmasvakuśalastapasviśaraṇaṃ hyaham.

17. kleṣṭum arhasi mām na tvam dundubhe dharmavatsala
raṇakarmasu akuśalaḥ tapasviśaraṇam hi aham

17. dundubhe dharmavatsala tvam mām kleṣṭum na arhasi
hi aham raṇakarmasu akuśalaḥ tapasviśaraṇam

17. O Dundubhi, you who are devoted to righteousness (dharma), you should not trouble me. For I am unskilled in warfare and am a refuge for ascetics.

Words meanings summery:

• क्लेष्टुम् (kleṣṭum) - to trouble, to vex, to torment

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve

• माम् (mām) - me

• न (na) - not, no

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• दुन्दुभे (dundubhe) - O Dundubhi

• धर्मवत्सल (dharmavatsala) - O lover of righteousness, O devoted to natural law

• रणकर्मसु (raṇakarmasu) - in deeds of war, in battle activities

• अकुशलः (akuśalaḥ) - unskillful, inexpert

• तपस्विशरणम् (tapasviśaraṇam) - refuge of ascetics

• हि (hi) - for, indeed, because

• अहम् (aham) - I

Words meanings and morphology

क्लेष्टुम् (kleṣṭum) - to trouble, to vex, to torment

(verb)

active, infinitive of kliś

infinitive

from root kliś (to trouble)

Root: kliś (class 9)

Note: Purpose of the action.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Main verb.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Object of 'kleṣṭum'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'arhasi'.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Subject of 'arhasi'.

दुन्दुभे (dundubhe) - O Dundubhi

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dundubhi

dundubhi - a large drum; name of a demon

Note: Addressed person.

धर्मवत्सल (dharmavatsala) - O lover of righteousness, O devoted to natural law

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dharmavatsala

dharmavatsala - devoted to dharma (righteousness, natural law)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+vatsala)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, natural law, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• vatsala – affectionate, loving, devoted
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Dundubhi.

रणकर्मसु (raṇakarmasu) - in deeds of war, in battle activities

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of raṇakarman

raṇakarman - deed of war, battle activity

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raṇa+karman)

• raṇa – battle, war, fight
  noun (masculine)
  Root: raṇ (class 1)
• karman – action, deed, work, ritual (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Locative of skill/proficiency.

अकुशलः (akuśalaḥ) - unskillful, inexpert

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akuśala

akuśala - unskillful, inept, not good

negation of kuśala

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kuśala)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• kuśala – skillful, expert, well-being
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'aham'.

तपस्विशरणम् (tapasviśaraṇam) - refuge of ascetics

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapasviśaraṇa

tapasviśaraṇa - refuge of ascetics

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tapasvin+śaraṇa)

• tapasvin – ascetic, one who performs tapas (austerities)
  noun (masculine)
• śaraṇa – refuge, shelter, protection
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śṛ (class 9)

Note: Predicate noun for 'aham'.

हि (hi) - for, indeed, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a reason.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Subject of the second clause.

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