वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-11, verse-19

यदि युद्धे ऽसमर्थस्त्वं मद्भयाद्वा निरुद्यमः ।
तमाचक्ष्व प्रदद्यान्मे यो ऽद्य युद्धं युयुत्सतः ॥१९॥

19. yadi yuddhe'samarthastvaṃ madbhayādvā nirudyamaḥ ,
tamācakṣva pradadyānme yo'dya yuddhaṃ yuyutsataḥ.

19. yadi yuddhe asamarthaḥ tvam madbhayāt vā nirudyamaḥ
tam ācakṣva pradadyāt me yaḥ adya yuddham yuyutsataḥ

19. yadi tvam yuddhe asamarthaḥ vā madbhayāt nirudyamaḥ,
adya yuddham yuyutsataḥ me yaḥ pradadyāt,
tam ācakṣva

19. If you are incapable in battle, or inactive due to fear of me, then point out to me someone who would offer a fight to me, who now wishes to engage in combat.

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

• असमर्थः (asamarthaḥ) - incapable, unable, powerless

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• मद्भयात् (madbhayāt) - from my fear, due to fear of me

• वा (vā) - or

• निरुद्यमः (nirudyamaḥ) - without effort, inactive, dispirited

• तम् (tam) - him

• आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell, point out, inform

• प्रदद्यात् (pradadyāt) - may give, should give, would give

• मे (me) - to me, for me

• यः (yaḥ) - who

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war, fight

• युयुत्सतः (yuyutsataḥ) - of one desiring to fight, of one wishing for battle

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a conditional clause.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

from root yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Location of inability.

असमर्थः (asamarthaḥ) - incapable, unable, powerless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asamartha

asamartha - incapable, unable, powerless

negation of samartha

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+samartha)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• samartha – capable, able, powerful
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: sam

Note: Predicate adjective for 'tvam'.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Subject of the conditional clause.

मद्भयात् (madbhayāt) - from my fear, due to fear of me

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of madbhaya

madbhaya - fear from me, my fear

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mat+bhaya)

• mat – me, from me
  pronoun
  ablative form of asmad (I)
• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Reason for being inactive.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects two conditions.

निरुद्यमः (nirudyamaḥ) - without effort, inactive, dispirited

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirudyama

nirudyama - without effort, inactive, dispirited

prefix nir- (without) + udyama (effort)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nir+udyama)

• nir – out, without
  indeclinable
  prefix
• udyama – effort, exertion, enterprise
  noun (masculine)
  from ud-yam (to raise, to strive)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'tvam'.

तम् (tam) - him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, him

Note: Object of 'ācakṣva'.

आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell, point out, inform

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of cakṣ

Prefix: ā

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the main clause.

प्रदद्यात् (pradadyāt) - may give, should give, would give

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of dā

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Describes the person to be pointed out.

मे (me) - to me, for me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Recipient of the battle. Also, 'me' in 'yuyutsataḥ me'.

यः (yaḥ) - who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Subject of 'pradadyāt'.

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

Note: Time adverb.

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war, fight

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

from root yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Object of desire for fighting.

युयुत्सतः (yuyutsataḥ) - of one desiring to fight, of one wishing for battle

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yuyutsat

yuyutsat - desiring to fight, eager for battle

Present Active Participle (Desiderative)

from desiderative stem of root yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'me' (to me, who desires to fight).