वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-60, verse-51

यथा जरा यथा मृत्युर्यथाकालो यथाविधिः ।
नित्यं न प्रतिहन्यन्ते सर्वभूतेषु लक्ष्मण ।
तथाहं क्रोधसंयुक्तो न निवार्यो ऽस्म्यसंशयम् ॥५१॥

51. yathā jarā yathā mṛtyuryathākālo yathāvidhiḥ ,
nityaṃ na pratihanyante sarvabhūteṣu lakṣmaṇa ,
tathāhaṃ krodhasaṃyukto na nivāryo'smyasaṃśayam.

51. yathā jarā yathā mṛtyuḥ yathā kālaḥ
yathā vidhiḥ nityam na pratihanyante
sarvabhūteṣu lakṣmaṇa tathā aham
krodhasaṃyuktaḥ na nivāryaḥ asmi asaṃśayam

51. lakṣmaṇa,
yathā jarā,
yathā mṛtyuḥ,
yathā kālaḥ,
yathā vidhiḥ sarvabhūteṣu nityam na pratihanyante; tathā aham krodhasaṃyuktaḥ asaṃśayam na nivāryaḥ asmi

51. O Lakṣmaṇa, just as old age, death, time, and divine ordinance (vidhi) are never permanently obstructed for any living being, so too I, filled with wrath, am undoubtedly irresistible.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

• जरा (jarā) - old age, decrepitude

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

• मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

• कालः (kālaḥ) - time, fate

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

• विधिः (vidhiḥ) - rule, ordinance, fate, divine law

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

• न (na) - not

• प्रतिहन्यन्ते (pratihanyante) - they are obstructed, they are hindered, they are resisted

• सर्वभूतेषु (sarvabhūteṣu) - in all beings, among all creatures

• लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa) - O Lakṣmaṇa

• तथा (tathā) - so too, thus, in the same way

• अहम् (aham) - I

• क्रोधसंयुक्तः (krodhasaṁyuktaḥ) - joined with anger, filled with wrath

• न (na) - not

• निवार्यः (nivāryaḥ) - irresistible (to be obstructed, to be resisted, resistible)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• असंशयम् (asaṁśayam) - undoubtedly, without doubt

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a simile.

जरा (jarā) - old age, decrepitude

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jarā

jarā - old age, decay

From root jṛ (to decay) + a + ṭāp

Root: jṛ (class 1)

Note: One of the subjects that are not obstructed.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a simile.

मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death

From root mṛ (to die) + tyu suffix

Root: mṛ (class 1)

Note: One of the subjects that are not obstructed.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a simile.

कालः (kālaḥ) - time, fate

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, fate, death

From root kal (to count) + a suffix

Root: kal (class 1)

Note: One of the subjects that are not obstructed.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a simile.

विधिः (vidhiḥ) - rule, ordinance, fate, divine law

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - rule, precept, ordinance, destiny, fate, method

From vi-dhā (to arrange, ordain) + ki suffix

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: One of the subjects that are not obstructed.

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

From ni-tyā (to bind) + a suffix

Prefix: ni

Root: tyā (class 2)

Note: Adverb modifying 'pratihanyante'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb.

प्रतिहन्यन्ते (pratihanyante) - they are obstructed, they are hindered, they are resisted

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of pratihan

Present Tense, Passive Voice

From prati-han, third person plural, passive voice (conjugated in middle voice form for passive)

Prefix: prati

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Verb for the preceding subjects (jarā, mṛtyu, kāla, vidhi).

सर्वभूतेषु (sarvabhūteṣu) - in all beings, among all creatures

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of sarvabhūta

sarvabhūta - all beings, all creatures

Karmadhāraya compound of sarva and bhūta

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+bhūta)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective
• bhūta – being, creature, element
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhū (to be, become)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Locative of place/context, indicating 'among all beings'.

लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa) - O Lakṣmaṇa

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakṣmaṇa (brother of Rama)

From lakṣman (mark, sign) + a suffix

Note: Address to Lakṣmaṇa.

तथा (tathā) - so too, thus, in the same way

(indeclinable)

Note: Correlates with 'yathā', introducing the second part of the simile.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Subject of the sentence.

क्रोधसंयुक्तः (krodhasaṁyuktaḥ) - joined with anger, filled with wrath

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krodhasaṃyukta

krodhasaṁyukta - connected with anger, filled with wrath

Tatpuruṣa compound of krodha and saṃyukta

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (krodha+saṃyukta)

• krodha – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  From root krudh (to be angry) + ghañ suffix
  Root: krudh (class 4)
• saṃyukta – joined, united, endowed with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From sam-yuj (to join)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'aham'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the predicative adjective 'nivāryaḥ'.

निवार्यः (nivāryaḥ) - irresistible (to be obstructed, to be resisted, resistible)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nivārya

nivārya - to be stopped, to be restrained, resistible

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

From ni-vṛ (to stop, obstruct) + ṇyat suffix

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Predicate for 'aham'.

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Tense

From root as, first person singular, active voice

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Copula.

असंशयम् (asaṁśayam) - undoubtedly, without doubt

(indeclinable)

Avyayībhāva compound from a (not) + saṃśaya (doubt), used adverbially

Compound type : avyayībhāva (a+saṃśaya)

• a – not, un-, in-
  indeclinable
  A negative prefix.
• saṃśaya – doubt, uncertainty
  noun (masculine)
  From sam-śī (to lie down, to doubt) + ac suffix
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Adverb modifying the predicate.