वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-60, verse-1

स दीनो दीनया वाचा लक्ष्मणं वाक्यमब्रवीत् ।
शीघ्रं लक्ष्मण जानीहि गत्वा गोदावरीं नदीम् ।
अपि गोदावरीं सीता पद्मान्यानयितुं गता ॥१॥

1. sa dīno dīnayā vācā lakṣmaṇaṃ vākyamabravīt ,
śīghraṃ lakṣmaṇa jānīhi gatvā godāvarīṃ nadīm ,
api godāvarīṃ sītā padmānyānayituṃ gatā.

1. saḥ dīnaḥ dīnayā vācā lakṣmaṇam
vākyam abravīt śīghram lakṣmaṇa
jānīhi gatvā godāvarīm nadīm api
godāvarīm sītā padmāni ānayitum gatā

1. saḥ dīnaḥ dīnayā vācā lakṣmaṇam vākyam abravīt.
lakṣmaṇa śīghram nadīm godāvarīm gatvā jānīhi.
api sītā padmāni ānayitum godāvarīm gatā?

1. Distressed, he spoke to Lakṣmaṇa with a mournful voice: "Lakṣmaṇa, quickly go to the Godavari River and find out if Sītā has gone to the Godavari to fetch lotuses."

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Rama) (he, that)

• दीनः (dīnaḥ) - distressed (distressed, wretched, miserable, sad)

• दीनया (dīnayā) - with a mournful (with a distressed, with a wretched)

• वाचा (vācā) - with a voice (by speech, with voice)

• लक्ष्मणम् (lakṣmaṇam) - to Lakṣmaṇa (Lakṣmaṇa)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, statement (word, speech, utterance, statement)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke (he spoke, he said)

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

• लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa) - Lakṣmaṇa (O Lakṣmaṇa)

• जानीहि (jānīhi) - find out (know, find out, understand)

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone (to) (having gone, after going)

• गोदावरीम् (godāvarīm) - to the Godavari (Godavari)

• नदीम् (nadīm) - (the) river (river)

• अपि (api) - (particle of interrogation) (also, even, indeed; (at beginning of sentence) particle of interrogation)

• गोदावरीम् (godāvarīm) - to the Godavari (River) (Godavari)

• सीता (sītā) - Sītā

• पद्मानि (padmāni) - lotuses (lotuses, lotus flowers)

• आनयितुम् (ānayitum) - to fetch (to bring, in order to bring)

• गता (gatā) - gone (gone, departed)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Rama) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Nominative singular masculine.

दीनः (dīnaḥ) - distressed (distressed, wretched, miserable, sad)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīna

dīna - distressed, wretched, miserable, sad, humble

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'dī' (to perish, to be distressed).

Root: dī (class 4)

Note: Nominative singular masculine, modifying 'saḥ'.

दीनया (dīnayā) - with a mournful (with a distressed, with a wretched)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of dīna

dīna - distressed, wretched, miserable, sad, humble

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'dī' (to perish, to be distressed). Feminine form.

Root: dī (class 4)

Note: Instrumental singular feminine, modifying 'vācā'.

वाचा (vācā) - with a voice (by speech, with voice)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, voice, word

Note: Instrumental singular feminine.

लक्ष्मणम् (lakṣmaṇam) - to Lakṣmaṇa (Lakṣmaṇa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakṣmaṇa (proper name)

Note: Accusative singular masculine.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, statement (word, speech, utterance, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement

Derived from 'vac' (to speak) with suffix '-ya'.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Accusative singular neuter.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bru

Imperfect

Imperfect 3rd person singular active, from root 'bru'.

Root: bru (class 2)

Note: 3rd person singular Imperfect Active.

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

(indeclinable)

Can also be an adjective, but here used adverbially.

Note: Adverb.

लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa) - Lakṣmaṇa (O Lakṣmaṇa)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakṣmaṇa (proper name)

Note: Vocative singular masculine.

जानीहि (jānīhi) - find out (know, find out, understand)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of jñā

Imperative

Imperative 2nd person singular active, from root 'jñā', 9th class verb.

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: 2nd person singular Imperative Active.

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone (to) (having gone, after going)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root 'gam' with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Absolutive participle.

गोदावरीम् (godāvarīm) - to the Godavari (Godavari)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of godāvarī

godāvarī - Godavari (a sacred river)

Note: Accusative singular feminine, direct object of 'gatvā'.

नदीम् (nadīm) - (the) river (river)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river

Note: Accusative singular feminine, in apposition to 'godāvarīm'.

अपि (api) - (particle of interrogation) (also, even, indeed; (at beginning of sentence) particle of interrogation)

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative particle.

गोदावरीम् (godāvarīm) - to the Godavari (River) (Godavari)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of godāvarī

godāvarī - Godavari (a sacred river)

Note: Accusative singular feminine, indicating motion towards.

सीता (sītā) - Sītā

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sītā (proper name)

Note: Nominative singular feminine.

पद्मानि (padmāni) - lotuses (lotuses, lotus flowers)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of padma

padma - lotus, lotus flower

Note: Accusative plural neuter.

आनयितुम् (ānayitum) - to fetch (to bring, in order to bring)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive form, from root 'nī' with prefix 'ā-'.

Prefix: ā

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Infinitive of purpose.

गता (gatā) - gone (gone, departed)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gatā

gata - gone, departed, reached

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'gam' (to go) with suffix '-ta'. Feminine form.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Nominative singular feminine, agreeing with 'sītā'.