वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-60, verse-16

तां पुष्पवृष्टिं पतितां दृष्ट्वा रामो महीतले ।
उवाच लक्ष्मणं वीरो दुःखितो दुःखितं वचः ॥१६॥

16. tāṃ puṣpavṛṣṭiṃ patitāṃ dṛṣṭvā rāmo mahītale ,
uvāca lakṣmaṇaṃ vīro duḥkhito duḥkhitaṃ vacaḥ.

16. tām puṣpavṛṣṭim patitām dṛṣṭvā rāmaḥ mahītale
uvāca lakṣmaṇam vīraḥ duḥkhitaḥ duḥkhitam vacaḥ

16. vīraḥ rāmaḥ mahītale patitām tām puṣpavṛṣṭim
dṛṣṭvā duḥkhitaḥ lakṣmaṇam duḥkhitam vacaḥ uvāca

16. Seeing that shower of flowers fallen on the ground, the heroic Rāma, himself filled with sorrow, spoke sorrowful words to Lakṣmaṇa.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - that (shower) (that; her)

• पुष्पवृष्टिम् (puṣpavṛṣṭim) - a shower of flowers

• पतिताम् (patitām) - fallen, descended

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma

• महीतले (mahītale) - on the ground, on the earth's surface

• उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke, he said

• लक्ष्मणम् (lakṣmaṇam) - Lakṣmaṇa

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - heroic, brave (man)

• दुःखितः (duḥkhitaḥ) - sorrowful, distressed, unhappy

• दुःखितम् (duḥkhitam) - sorrowful (words) (sorrowful, distressing, unhappy)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - that (shower) (that; her)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पुष्पवृष्टिम् (puṣpavṛṣṭim) - a shower of flowers

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of puṣpavṛṣṭi

puṣpavṛṣṭi - shower of flowers

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puṣpa+vṛṣṭi)

• puṣpa – flower, blossom
  noun (neuter)
• vṛṣṭi – rain, shower; a fall (of arrows, flowers, etc.)
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

पतिताम् (patitām) - fallen, descended

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, dropped, descended

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'pat' with suffix -ta

Root: pat (class 1)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Derived from root 'dṛś' with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (the celebrated hero of the Rāmāyaṇa); pleasant, charming

महीतले (mahītale) - on the ground, on the earth's surface

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of mahītala

mahītala - the surface of the earth, ground

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+tala)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• tala – surface, plain, flat ground
  noun (neuter)

उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

लक्ष्मणम् (lakṣmaṇam) - Lakṣmaṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakṣmaṇa (brother of Rāma)

वीरः (vīraḥ) - heroic, brave (man)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior; heroic, mighty

Note: Used here as an adjective modifying Rāma, implying 'the heroic one, Rāma'.

दुःखितः (duḥkhitaḥ) - sorrowful, distressed, unhappy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhita

duḥkhita - afflicted, distressed, sorrowful, unhappy

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'duh' (to suffer) with suffix -ta

Root: duh (class 1)

Note: Modifies Rāma.

दुःखितम् (duḥkhitam) - sorrowful (words) (sorrowful, distressing, unhappy)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duḥkhita

duḥkhita - afflicted, distressed, sorrowful, unhappy

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'duh' (to suffer) with suffix -ta

Root: duh (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'vacaḥ'.

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying