वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-98, verse-70

तदद्भुतं स्थैर्यमवेक्ष्य राघवे समं जनो हर्षमवाप दुःखितः ।
न यात्ययोध्यामिति दुःखितो ऽभवत् स्थिरप्रतिज्ञत्वमवेक्ष्य हर्षितः ॥७०॥

70. tadadbhutaṃ sthairyamavekṣya rāghave samaṃ jano harṣamavāpa duḥkhitaḥ ,
na yātyayodhyāmiti duḥkhito'bhavat sthirapratijñatvamavekṣya harṣitaḥ.

70. tat adbhutam sthairyam avekṣya rāghave
samam janaḥ harṣam avāpa duḥkhitaḥ
na yāti ayodhyām iti duḥkhitaḥ abhavat
sthirapratijñatvam avekṣya harṣitaḥ

70. rāghave tat adbhutam sthairyam avekṣya,
duḥkhitaḥ janaḥ samam harṣam avāpa.
ayodhyām na yāti iti duḥkhitaḥ abhavat,
sthirapratijñatvam avekṣya harṣitaḥ (abhavat).

70. Observing that amazing steadfastness in Rāghava (Rāma), the people, though sorrowful, simultaneously experienced joy. They became sorrowful with the thought, "He will not return to Ayodhyā," but joyful upon witnessing his firm resolve.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the mentioned steadfastness) (that, therefore, thus)

• अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - amazing (wonderful, amazing, marvelous)

• स्थैर्यम् (sthairyam) - steadfastness (firmness, steadfastness, stability)

• अवेक्ष्य (avekṣya) - having observed (having seen, having observed, having looked at)

• राघवे (rāghave) - in Rāghava (Rāma) (in Rāma, concerning Rāma, for Rāma)

• समम् (samam) - simultaneously (equally, simultaneously, together)

• जनः (janaḥ) - the people (people, person, man)

• हर्षम् (harṣam) - joy (joy, delight, elation)

• अवाप (avāpa) - experienced (obtained, reached, achieved)

• दुःखितः (duḥkhitaḥ) - sorrowful (sorrowful, distressed, unhappy)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• याति (yāti) - will return (implied by context of not going to Ayodhya) (goes, proceeds)

• अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - to Ayodhyā (to Ayodhya (a city name))

• इति (iti) - thinking "thus" (thus, in this manner, marking direct speech or thought)

• दुःखितः (duḥkhitaḥ) - sorrowful (sorrowful, distressed, unhappy)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became (became, was)

• स्थिरप्रतिज्ञत्वम् (sthirapratijñatvam) - his firm resolve (firmness of resolve, steadfastness of vow)

• अवेक्ष्य (avekṣya) - having observed (having seen, having observed, having looked at)

• हर्षितः (harṣitaḥ) - joyful (joyful, delighted)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the mentioned steadfastness) (that, therefore, thus)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, therefore, thus

Note: Acts as a demonstrative adjective for 'sthairyam'.

अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - amazing (wonderful, amazing, marvelous)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of adbhuta

adbhuta - wonderful, amazing, marvelous, prodigious

Note: Modifies 'sthairyam'.

स्थैर्यम् (sthairyam) - steadfastness (firmness, steadfastness, stability)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sthairya

sthairya - firmness, steadfastness, stability, constancy

Derived from `sthira` (firm) + `ṣyaÑ` (abstract noun suffix).

Note: Object of 'avekṣya'.

अवेक्ष्य (avekṣya) - having observed (having seen, having observed, having looked at)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed from `ava` + `īkṣ` (to see) + `lyap` suffix.

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

राघवे (rāghave) - in Rāghava (Rāma) (in Rāma, concerning Rāma, for Rāma)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rāma

Patronymic of Raghu.

समम् (samam) - simultaneously (equally, simultaneously, together)

(indeclinable)

Can also be an adjective (nom/acc sg neuter) but here it's an adverb.

जनः (janaḥ) - the people (people, person, man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jana

jana - people, person, man, creature

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'avāpa' and 'abhavat'.

हर्षम् (harṣam) - joy (joy, delight, elation)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of harṣa

harṣa - joy, delight, elation, thrill

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'avāpa'.

अवाप (avāpa) - experienced (obtained, reached, achieved)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of āp

Perfect Tense

Root `āp` in the Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada. Prefixed with `ava`.

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

दुःखितः (duḥkhitaḥ) - sorrowful (sorrowful, distressed, unhappy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhita

duḥkhita - sorrowful, distressed, unhappy, afflicted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from `duḥkha` (sorrow) + `ita` suffix.

Note: Qualifies 'janaḥ'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

याति (yāti) - will return (implied by context of not going to Ayodhya) (goes, proceeds)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of yā

Present Tense

Root `yā` in the Present tense, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada.

Root: yā (class 2)

अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - to Ayodhyā (to Ayodhya (a city name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ayodhyā

ayodhyā - Ayodhya (a city in India)

इति (iti) - thinking "thus" (thus, in this manner, marking direct speech or thought)

(indeclinable)

दुःखितः (duḥkhitaḥ) - sorrowful (sorrowful, distressed, unhappy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhita

duḥkhita - sorrowful, distressed, unhappy, afflicted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from `duḥkha` (sorrow) + `ita` suffix.

Note: Qualifies 'janaḥ' (implied subject).

अभवत् (abhavat) - became (became, was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Past Imperfect

Root `bhū` in the Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada.

Root: bhū (class 1)

स्थिरप्रतिज्ञत्वम् (sthirapratijñatvam) - his firm resolve (firmness of resolve, steadfastness of vow)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sthirapratijñatva

sthirapratijñatva - firmness of resolve, steadfastness of vow, constancy in promise

Derived from `sthirapratijña` (firm in vow) + `tva` (abstract noun suffix).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sthira+pratijñā+tva)

• sthira – firm, steady, constant, immovable
  adjective (masculine)
• pratijñā – vow, promise, resolve, declaration
  noun (feminine)
  From `prati` + `jñā` (to know, perceive).
  Prefix: prati
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• tva – suffix forming abstract nouns, -ness, -hood, -ship
  suffix (neuter)
  Abstract noun suffix.

Note: Object of 'avekṣya'.

अवेक्ष्य (avekṣya) - having observed (having seen, having observed, having looked at)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed from `ava` + `īkṣ` (to see) + `lyap` suffix.

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

हर्षितः (harṣitaḥ) - joyful (joyful, delighted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of harṣita

harṣita - joyful, delighted, glad, excited

Past Passive Participle

Derived from `harṣa` (joy) + `ita` suffix.

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'janaḥ' (implied subject).