वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-98, verse-30

वयसः पतमानस्य स्रोतसो वानिवर्तिनः ।
आत्मा सुखे नियोक्तव्यः सुखभाजः प्रजाः स्मृताः ॥३०॥

30. vayasaḥ patamānasya srotaso vānivartinaḥ ,
ātmā sukhe niyoktavyaḥ sukhabhājaḥ prajāḥ smṛtāḥ.

30. vayasaḥ patamānasya srotasaḥ vā anivartinaḥ ātmā
sukhe niyoktavyaḥ sukhabhājaḥ prajāḥ smṛtāḥ

30. vayasaḥ patamānasya vā srotasaḥ anivartinaḥ ātmā
sukhe niyoktavyaḥ prajāḥ sukhabhājaḥ smṛtāḥ

30. Age is constantly passing, like an irreversible stream. Therefore, one's self (ātman) should be directed towards happiness, for people are considered to be partakers of joy.

Words meanings summery:

• वयसः (vayasaḥ) - of age, of life

• पतमानस्य (patamānasya) - of the falling, of the passing

• स्रोतसः (srotasaḥ) - of a stream, of a current

• वा (vā) - or

• अनिवर्तिनः (anivartinaḥ) - of the non-returning, of the irreversible

• आत्मा (ātmā) - the self (ātman), the soul (ātman)

• सुखे (sukhe) - in happiness, in joy

• नियोक्तव्यः (niyoktavyaḥ) - should be employed, should be directed

• सुखभाजः (sukhabhājaḥ) - partakers of happiness, enjoying happiness

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - people, subjects, beings

• स्मृताः (smṛtāḥ) - are considered, are remembered

Words meanings and morphology

वयसः (vayasaḥ) - of age, of life

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of vayas

vayas - age, youth, strength, food, enjoyment, bird

पतमानस्य (patamānasya) - of the falling, of the passing

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of patamāna

patamāna - falling, passing, flying

Present Middle Participle

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'vayasaḥ' or 'srotasaḥ'

स्रोतसः (srotasaḥ) - of a stream, of a current

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of srotas

srotas - stream, current, flow

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

अनिवर्तिनः (anivartinaḥ) - of the non-returning, of the irreversible

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of anivartin

anivartin - non-returning, not turning back, irreversible

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nivartin)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• nivartin – returning, turning back
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun from ni-vṛt
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'srotasaḥ'

आत्मा (ātmā) - the self (ātman), the soul (ātman)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self (ātman), soul (ātman), spirit (ātman), essence

सुखे (sukhe) - in happiness, in joy

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, joy, pleasure, comfort

नियोक्तव्यः (niyoktavyaḥ) - should be employed, should be directed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyoktavya

niyoktavya - to be employed, to be directed, to be appointed

Gerundive

tavya suffix

Prefix: ni

Root: yuj (class 7)

सुखभाजः (sukhabhājaḥ) - partakers of happiness, enjoying happiness

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sukhabhāj

sukhabhāj - sharing in happiness, enjoying happiness

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sukha+bhāj)

• sukha – happiness, joy
  noun (neuter)
• bhāj – sharing, partaking, having
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun from bhaj
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'prajāḥ'

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - people, subjects, beings

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - progeny, offspring, people, subjects, creation

स्मृताः (smṛtāḥ) - are considered, are remembered

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, recollected, considered, taught

Past Passive Participle

Root: smṛ (class 1)