वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-98, verse-10

एषोपमा महाबाहो त्वमर्थं वेत्तुमर्हसि ।
यदि त्वमस्मानृषभो भर्ता भृत्यान्न शाधि हि ॥१०॥

10. eṣopamā mahābāho tvamarthaṃ vettumarhasi ,
yadi tvamasmānṛṣabho bhartā bhṛtyānna śādhi hi.

10. eṣā upamā mahābāho tvam artham vettum arhasi yadi
tvam asmān ṛṣabhaḥ bhartā bhṛtyān na śādhi hi

10. mahābāho tvam eṣā upamā artham vettum arhasi yadi
tvam asmān ṛṣabhaḥ bhartā bhṛtyān na śādhi hi

10. O mighty-armed one, you ought to understand this analogy. If you, as the foremost (ṛṣabha) protector (bhartā) of us, your dependents (bhṛtyān), do not indeed instruct (or guide) us, then (how can you be considered such)?

Words meanings summery:

• एषा (eṣā) - this (analogy) (this, she)

• उपमा (upamā) - analogy (comparison, analogy, simile)

• महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one (addressing Rama) (O mighty-armed one)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (Rama) (you)

• अर्थम् (artham) - the meaning (meaning, purpose, object)

• वेत्तुम् (vettum) - to understand (to know, to understand)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought to (understand) (you ought, you deserve)

• यदि (yadi) - if

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (Rama) (you)

• अस्मान् (asmān) - us (the dependents/citizens) (us)

• ऋषभः (ṛṣabhaḥ) - the foremost, chief (protector) (bull, best, chief, excellent)

• भर्ता (bhartā) - protector, supporter (supporter, maintainer, lord, husband, ruler)

• भृत्यान् (bhṛtyān) - your dependents (us) (dependents, servants, those to be supported)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• शाधि (śādhi) - instruct, guide (rule, instruct, govern, teach)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, certainly, for, because)

Words meanings and morphology

एषा (eṣā) - this (analogy) (this, she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

उपमा (upamā) - analogy (comparison, analogy, simile)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of upamā

upamā - comparison, analogy, simile

Prefix: upa

Root: mA (class 3)

महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one (addressing Rama) (O mighty-armed one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - having mighty arms, mighty-armed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Vocative of mahābāhu.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (Rama) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

अर्थम् (artham) - the meaning (meaning, purpose, object)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - meaning, purpose, object, wealth

वेत्तुम् (vettum) - to understand (to know, to understand)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive from root vid

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Terminates in -tum.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought to (understand) (you ought, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

present active

Root: arh (class 1)

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - you (Rama) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

अस्मान् (asmān) - us (the dependents/citizens) (us)

(pronoun)

Accusative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

ऋषभः (ṛṣabhaḥ) - the foremost, chief (protector) (bull, best, chief, excellent)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣabha

ṛṣabha - bull, best, chief, excellent

भर्ता (bhartā) - protector, supporter (supporter, maintainer, lord, husband, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - supporter, maintainer, lord, husband, ruler

Agent noun from root bhṛ

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

भृत्यान् (bhṛtyān) - your dependents (us) (dependents, servants, those to be supported)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhṛtya

bhṛtya - dependent, servant, one to be supported

gerundive

Gerundive from root bhṛ

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle.

शाधि (śādhi) - instruct, guide (rule, instruct, govern, teach)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śās

imperative active

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Strong form of root.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, certainly, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.