वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-98, verse-41

को हि स्यादीदृशो लोके यादृशस्त्वमरिंदम ।
न त्वां प्रव्यथयेद्दुःखं प्रीतिर्वा न प्रहर्षयेत् ॥४१॥

41. ko hi syādīdṛśo loke yādṛśastvamariṃdama ,
na tvāṃ pravyathayedduḥkhaṃ prītirvā na praharṣayet.

41. kaḥ hi syāt īdṛśaḥ loke yādṛśaḥ tvam arimdam na
tvām pravyathayet duḥkham prītiḥ vā na praharṣayet

41. arimdam,
loke kaḥ hi īdṛśaḥ syāt yādṛśaḥ tvam? duḥkham tvām na pravyathayet vā prītiḥ na praharṣayet.

41. O vanquisher of foes, who in this world could possibly be like you? Neither sorrow distresses you, nor does joy elate you.

Words meanings summery:

• कः (kaḥ) - who

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• स्यात् (syāt) - would be, should be

• ईदृशः (īdṛśaḥ) - such, of this kind, like this

• लोके (loke) - in the world, among people

• यादृशः (yādṛśaḥ) - of what kind, such as

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• अरिम्दम् (arimdam) - O vanquisher of foes, O conqueror of enemies

• न (na) - not, no

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

• प्रव्यथयेत् (pravyathayet) - should distress, should perturb

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, misery

• प्रीतिः (prītiḥ) - joy, love, satisfaction

• वा (vā) - or, and

• न (na) - not, no

• प्रहर्षयेत् (praharṣayet) - should delight, should elate

Words meanings and morphology

कः (kaḥ) - who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which (interrogative pronoun)

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

स्यात् (syāt) - would be, should be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative Mood

Third person singular, Parasmaipada, optative mood

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Potential mood.

ईदृशः (īdṛśaḥ) - such, of this kind, like this

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of īdṛśa

īdṛśa - such, of this kind, like this

Note: Qualifies 'kaḥ'.

लोके (loke) - in the world, among people

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people, common folk

Note: Locative of place.

यादृशः (yādṛśaḥ) - of what kind, such as

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yādṛśa

yādṛśa - of what kind, such as, like whom

Note: Correlative to 'īdṛśaḥ'.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (second person pronoun)

Note: Subject of the implied verb (are).

अरिम्दम् (arimdam) - O vanquisher of foes, O conqueror of enemies

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of arindama

arindama - vanquisher of foes, subduer of enemies

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ari+dama)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• dama – subduing, taming, self-control
  noun (masculine)
  From root dam
  Root: dam (class 4)

Note: Addressed to Rama.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle.

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (second person pronoun)

Note: Object of 'pravyathayet' and 'praharṣayet'.

प्रव्यथयेत् (pravyathayet) - should distress, should perturb

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of vyath

Optative Mood

Third person singular, Parasmaipada, optative mood, with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: vyath (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'duḥkham'.

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, misery

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, misery, pain, unhappiness

Note: Subject of 'pravyathayet'.

प्रीतिः (prītiḥ) - joy, love, satisfaction

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prīti

prīti - joy, love, pleasure, satisfaction, affection

From root prī

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Subject of 'praharṣayet'.

वा (vā) - or, and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two negative clauses ('neither...nor').

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle.

प्रहर्षयेत् (praharṣayet) - should delight, should elate

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of hṛṣ

Causative Optative Mood

Third person singular, Parasmaipada, optative mood, causative stem (harṣay-) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'prītiḥ'.