वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-98, verse-53

पितुर्हि समतिक्रान्तं पुत्रो यः साधु मन्यते ।
तदपत्यं मतं लोके विपरीतमतो ऽन्यथा ॥५३॥

53. piturhi samatikrāntaṃ putro yaḥ sādhu manyate ,
tadapatyaṃ mataṃ loke viparītamato'nyathā.

53. pituḥ hi sam-atikrāntam putraḥ yaḥ sādhu manyate
tat apatyam matam loke viparītam ataḥ anyathā

53. hi yaḥ putraḥ pituḥ sam-atikrāntam sādhu manyate tat
apatyam loke viparītam matam ataḥ anyathā (na matam)

53. Indeed, the son who considers a transgression against his father to be right is deemed a degenerate offspring in the world; otherwise, he is not.

Words meanings summery:

• पितुः (pituḥ) - against his father (of the father)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

• सम्-अतिक्रान्तम् (sam-atikrāntam) - a transgression (transgressed, completely overstepped, past)

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - the son (son, child)

• यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

• साधु (sādhu) - right (good, right, proper, virtuous)

• मन्यते (manyate) - he considers (he thinks, he considers, he believes)

• तत् (tat) - that (that, it)

• अपत्यम् (apatyam) - offspring (offspring, child, progeny)

• मतम् (matam) - is deemed (considered, thought, opinion)

• लोके (loke) - in the world (in the world, among people)

• विपरीतम् (viparītam) - a degenerate (contrary, adverse, inverted, degenerate)

• अतः (ataḥ) - from this (implies 'on this account' or 'in contrast to this') (therefore, hence, from this)

• अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise (otherwise, in another way, differently)

Words meanings and morphology

पितुः (pituḥ) - against his father (of the father)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

r-stem noun

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

particle

सम्-अतिक्रान्तम् (sam-atikrāntam) - a transgression (transgressed, completely overstepped, past)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kram

kram - to step, to go, to walk

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root kram (to step) with prefixes sam and ati

Prefixes: sam+ati

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Objects of mental verbs like 'manyate' are often in the accusative.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - the son (son, child)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, whatever, that

Relative pronoun

साधु (sādhu) - right (good, right, proper, virtuous)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sādhu

sādhu - good, right, proper, virtuous

From root sādh (to accomplish)

Root: sādh (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'sam-atikrāntam' (implied object of manyate).

मन्यते (manyate) - he considers (he thinks, he considers, he believes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (Laṭ) of man

Root: man (class 4)

तत् (tat) - that (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

अपत्यम् (apatyam) - offspring (offspring, child, progeny)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of apatya

apatya - offspring, child, progeny

From a + pat (to fall) + ya, meaning 'not falling away' or 'descendant'

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative.

मतम् (matam) - is deemed (considered, thought, opinion)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mata

mata - considered, thought, believed, opinion

Past Passive Participle

From root man (to think)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Used here in a passive construction, 'is considered'.

लोके (loke) - in the world (in the world, among people)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people

विपरीतम् (viparītam) - a degenerate (contrary, adverse, inverted, degenerate)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of viparīta

viparīta - contrary, adverse, inverted, opposite, degenerate

Past Passive Participle

From root i (to go) with prefixes vi and pari

Prefixes: vi+pari

Root: i (class 2)

अतः (ataḥ) - from this (implies 'on this account' or 'in contrast to this') (therefore, hence, from this)

(indeclinable)

adverb

Note: Often used with 'anyathā' to mean 'otherwise... not'.

अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise (otherwise, in another way, differently)

(indeclinable)

adverb

Note: Implies 'otherwise (he is not considered degenerate)'.