वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-98, verse-29

एवं पूर्वैर्गतो मार्गः पितृपैतामहो ध्रुवः ।
तमापन्नः कथं शोचेद् यस्य नास्ति व्यतिक्रमः ॥२९॥

29. evaṃ pūrvairgato mārgaḥ pitṛpaitāmaho dhruvaḥ ,
tamāpannaḥ kathaṃ śoced yasya nāsti vyatikramaḥ.

29. evam pūrvaiḥ gataḥ mārgaḥ pitṛpaitāmahaḥ dhruvaḥ
tam āpannaḥ katham śocet yasya na asti vyatikramaḥ

29. This path, which has been trodden by our ancestors and forefathers, is fixed and certain. How can one grieve upon reaching it, when there is no possibility of deviating from it?

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• पूर्वैः (pūrvaiḥ) - by our ancestors (by the ancients, by the predecessors)

• गतः (gataḥ) - trodden (gone, followed)

• मार्गः (mārgaḥ) - path, road, way

• पितृपैतामहः (pitṛpaitāmahaḥ) - from fathers and forefathers (paternal and ancestral, inherited from father and grandfather)

• ध्रुवः (dhruvaḥ) - certain, fixed, constant

• तम् (tam) - that (path) (that (masculine accusative singular))

• आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - having reached (it) (having reached, attained, fallen into)

• कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

• शोचेत् (śocet) - should grieve, might lament

• यस्य (yasya) - from which (path) (whose, for whom, of which)

• न (na) - not, no

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• व्यतिक्रमः (vyatikramaḥ) - deviation (from the path), possibility of passing beyond it (transgression, deviation, violation, passing over)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

पूर्वैः (pūrvaiḥ) - by our ancestors (by the ancients, by the predecessors)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pūrva

pūrva - former, ancient, prior, eastern

गतः (gataḥ) - trodden (gone, followed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, reached, understood

Past Passive Participle

from root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

मार्गः (mārgaḥ) - path, road, way

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārga

mārga - path, road, way, search

पितृपैतामहः (pitṛpaitāmahaḥ) - from fathers and forefathers (paternal and ancestral, inherited from father and grandfather)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛpaitāmaha

pitṛpaitāmaha - ancestral, inherited from father and grandfather

Compound of pitṛ and paitāmaha

Compound type : dvandva / tatpuruṣa (pitṛ+paitāmaha)

• pitṛ – father, ancestor
  noun (masculine)
• paitāmaha – ancestral, grandfather's, relating to grandfathers
  adjective (masculine)
  from pitāmaha (grandfather)

ध्रुवः (dhruvaḥ) - certain, fixed, constant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhruva

dhruva - fixed, firm, constant, certain

तम् (tam) - that (path) (that (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - having reached (it) (having reached, attained, fallen into)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āpanna

āpanna - reached, obtained, got, undergone

Past Passive Participle

from root āp with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)

कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

(indeclinable)

शोचेत् (śocet) - should grieve, might lament

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of śuc

optative active third person singular

from root śuc (to grieve)

Root: śuc (class 1)

यस्य (yasya) - from which (path) (whose, for whom, of which)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

present active third person singular

from root as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

व्यतिक्रमः (vyatikramaḥ) - deviation (from the path), possibility of passing beyond it (transgression, deviation, violation, passing over)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyatikrama

vyatikrama - transgression, deviation, passing over, violation

from root kram with prefixes vi, ati

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: kram (class 1)