वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-98, verse-50

को हि धर्मार्थयोर्हीनमीदृशं कर्म किल्बिषम् ।
स्त्रियाः प्रियचिकीर्षुः सन् कुर्याद्धर्मज्ञ धर्मवित् ॥५०॥

50. ko hi dharmārthayorhīnamīdṛśaṃ karma kilbiṣam ,
striyāḥ priyacikīrṣuḥ san kuryāddharmajña dharmavit.

50. kaḥ hi dharma-arthayoḥ hīnam īdṛśam karma kilbiṣam
striyāḥ priya-cikīrṣuḥ san kuryāt dharma-jña dharma-vit

50. he dharma-jña he dharma-vit kaḥ hi striyāḥ priya-cikīrṣuḥ
san dharma-arthayoḥ hīnam īdṛśam kilbiṣam karma kuryāt

50. Indeed, who, being desirous of pleasing a woman, would commit such a sinful act that is detrimental to both duty (dharma) and material prosperity (artha), O knower of righteousness and expert in natural law (dharma)?

Words meanings summery:

• कः (kaḥ) - who (who, what)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

• धर्म-अर्थयोः (dharma-arthayoḥ) - of duty (dharma) and material prosperity (artha) (of duty and purpose, in dharma and artha)

• हीनम् (hīnam) - detrimental to (deprived of, devoid of, deficient, detrimental)

• ईदृशम् (īdṛśam) - such (such, of this kind)

• कर्म (karma) - sinful act (karma) (action, deed, work, ritual action)

• किल्बिषम् (kilbiṣam) - sinful act (sin, fault, crime, sinful deed)

• स्त्रियाः (striyāḥ) - of a woman (of a woman, for a woman)

• प्रिय-चिकीर्षुः (priya-cikīrṣuḥ) - desirous of pleasing (a woman) (desirous of pleasing, wishing to do what is dear)

• सन् (san) - being (being, existing)

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - would commit (should do, would do, may do)

• धर्म-ज्ञ (dharma-jña) - O knower of righteousness (dharma) (knower of dharma, righteous one)

• धर्म-वित् (dharma-vit) - O expert in natural law (dharma) (expert in dharma, knower of law)

Words meanings and morphology

कः (kaḥ) - who (who, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

interrogative pronoun

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

particle

धर्म-अर्थयोः (dharma-arthayoḥ) - of duty (dharma) and material prosperity (artha) (of duty and purpose, in dharma and artha)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, dual of dharma-artha

dharma-artha - duty and purpose, righteousness and wealth

Compound type : dvandva (dharma+artha)

• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth, material prosperity
  noun (masculine)

Note: The locative dual case implies 'in respect to' or 'detrimental to' in this context.

हीनम् (hīnam) - detrimental to (deprived of, devoid of, deficient, detrimental)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hīna

hīna - deprived of, devoid of, deficient, abandoned, inferior

Past Passive Participle

From root hā (to abandon, forsake)

Root: hā (class 3)

ईदृशम् (īdṛśam) - such (such, of this kind)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of īdṛśa

īdṛśa - such, of this kind, like this

Formed from ida (this) + dṛś (to see)

कर्म (karma) - sinful act (karma) (action, deed, work, ritual action)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual action, fate

From root kṛ (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

किल्बिषम् (kilbiṣam) - sinful act (sin, fault, crime, sinful deed)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kilbiṣa

kilbiṣa - sin, fault, crime, sinful deed

स्त्रियाः (striyāḥ) - of a woman (of a woman, for a woman)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of strī

strī - woman, female, wife

प्रिय-चिकीर्षुः (priya-cikīrṣuḥ) - desirous of pleasing (a woman) (desirous of pleasing, wishing to do what is dear)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of priya-cikīrṣu

priya-cikīrṣu - desirous of doing what is pleasing

From priya (dear) + desiderative of kṛ (to do), word ending in -u

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (priya+cikīrṣu)

• priya – dear, beloved, pleasing, agreeable
  adjective
  Root: prī
• cikīrṣu – desirous of doing, wishing to make
  noun (masculine)
  Desiderative noun/adjective
  Desiderative of the root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

सन् (san) - being (being, existing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, virtuous

Present Active Participle

From root as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - would commit (should do, would do, may do)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (Vidhi-liṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

धर्म-ज्ञ (dharma-jña) - O knower of righteousness (dharma) (knower of dharma, righteous one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dharma-jña

dharma-jña - knower of law, knower of duty

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knowing, acquainted with, knower
  adjective
  Agent noun from root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

धर्म-वित् (dharma-vit) - O expert in natural law (dharma) (expert in dharma, knower of law)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dharma-vit

dharma-vit - knower of law, expert in righteousness

From dharma (duty) + vit (knower)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+vit)

• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• vit – knowing, wise, knower, expert
  adjective
  Agent noun from root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Previous Verse Next Verse