वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-98, verse-49

गुरुः क्रियावान् वृद्धश्च राजा प्रेतः पितेति च ।
तातं न परिगर्हेयं दैवतं चेति संसदि ॥४९॥

49. guruḥ kriyāvān vṛddhaśca rājā pretaḥ piteti ca ,
tātaṃ na parigarheyaṃ daivataṃ ceti saṃsadi.

49. guruḥ kriyāvān vṛddhaḥ ca rājā pretaḥ pitā iti
ca tātam na parigarheyam daivatam ca iti saṃsadi

49. pita guruḥ kriyāvān vṛddhaḥ rājā ca pretaḥ iti
ca tātam na parigarheyam daivatam ca iti saṃsadi

49. My father is a spiritual teacher (guru), a righteous man, an elder, a king, and now a departed father. Therefore, I should not criticize my father (tāta), whom I consider a deity, even in an assembly.

Words meanings summery:

• गुरुः (guruḥ) - spiritual teacher (guru) (preceptor, teacher, weighty, heavy, elder)

• क्रियावान् (kriyāvān) - a righteous man (active, performing duties, righteous, having actions)

• वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - an elder (old, aged, grown, augmented, elder)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• राजा (rājā) - a king (king, sovereign)

• प्रेतः (pretaḥ) - a departed one (deceased, departed, dead)

• पिता (pitā) - father

• इति (iti) - and thus (thus, so, in this manner, marking direct speech/thought)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• तातम् (tātam) - my father (father, dear one (accusative))

• न (na) - not

• परिगर्हेयम् (parigarheyam) - I should criticize (I should criticize, I should blame)

• दैवतम् (daivatam) - a deity (deity, divine being, god)

• च (ca) - also (and, also, moreover)

• इति (iti) - considering him as (thus, so, in this manner, marking direct speech/thought)

• संसदि (saṁsadi) - in an assembly (in an assembly, in a meeting)

Words meanings and morphology

गुरुः (guruḥ) - spiritual teacher (guru) (preceptor, teacher, weighty, heavy, elder)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide, elder, heavy, weighty

क्रियावान् (kriyāvān) - a righteous man (active, performing duties, righteous, having actions)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kriyāvat

kriyāvat - active, performing rites, righteous, possessed of action

Derived from kriyā (action, rite) + -vat (possessive suffix)

वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - an elder (old, aged, grown, augmented, elder)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, augmented

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛdh (to grow, increase) + kta (P.P.P. suffix)

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - a king (king, sovereign)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

प्रेतः (pretaḥ) - a departed one (deceased, departed, dead)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of preta

preta - deceased, departed, dead

Past Passive Participle

From pra-i (to go forth, die) + kta (P.P.P. suffix)

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

इति (iti) - and thus (thus, so, in this manner, marking direct speech/thought)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

तातम् (tātam) - my father (father, dear one (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

परिगर्हेयम् (parigarheyam) - I should criticize (I should criticize, I should blame)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of parigarh

Root garh (to blame) with pari (around, thoroughly)

Prefix: pari

Root: garh (class 1)

दैवतम् (daivatam) - a deity (deity, divine being, god)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of daivata

daivata - deity, divine being, god

Derived from deva (god) + -ta (suffix forming abstract nouns or collectives)

च (ca) - also (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - considering him as (thus, so, in this manner, marking direct speech/thought)

(indeclinable)

संसदि (saṁsadi) - in an assembly (in an assembly, in a meeting)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of saṃsad

saṁsad - assembly, council, meeting

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