वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-98, verse-43

यस्यैष बुद्धिलाभः स्यात् परितप्येत केन सः ।
स एवं व्यसनं प्राप्य न विषीदितुमर्हति ॥४३॥

43. yasyaiṣa buddhilābhaḥ syāt paritapyeta kena saḥ ,
sa evaṃ vyasanaṃ prāpya na viṣīditumarhati.

43. yasya eṣaḥ buddhi-lābhaḥ syāt paritapyyeta kena
saḥ | saḥ evam vyasanam prāpya na viṣīditum arhati

43. yasya eṣaḥ buddhi-lābhaḥ syāt paritapyyeta kena
saḥ saḥ evam vyasanam prāpya na viṣīditum arhati

43. By what could a person, who has gained such insight (buddhi), be distressed? Even after encountering such a calamity, he ought not to become dejected.

Words meanings summery:

• यस्य (yasya) - whose (whose, of which)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (wisdom-gain) (this, this one)

• बुद्धि-लाभः (buddhi-lābhaḥ) - attainment of insight (buddhi) (acquisition of intellect/wisdom/understanding)

• स्यात् (syāt) - should be, may be (may be, should be, would be)

• परितप्य्येत (paritapyyeta) - should be distressed (should be distressed, should grieve, should be afflicted)

• केन (kena) - by what (by whom, by what)

• सः (saḥ) - he (that person) (he, that one)

• सः (saḥ) - he (that person) (he, that one)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, even (thus, in this manner, so)

• व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - calamity, misfortune (calamity, misfortune, disaster, addiction)

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having encountered (having obtained, having reached, having encountered)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• विषीदितुम् (viṣīditum) - to become dejected (to grieve, to be dejected, to despair)

• अर्हति (arhati) - he ought (he ought, he deserves, he is able)

Words meanings and morphology

यस्य (yasya) - whose (whose, of which)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Relative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the person who gains wisdom.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (wisdom-gain) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eṣa

eṣa - this, this one (masculine)

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Agrees with buddhi-lābhaḥ.

बुद्धि-लाभः (buddhi-lābhaḥ) - attainment of insight (buddhi) (acquisition of intellect/wisdom/understanding)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of buddhi-lābha

buddhi-lābha - acquisition of understanding/intellect, gain of knowledge

Compound noun.

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (buddhi+lābha)

• buddhi – intellect, understanding, reason, insight, perception
  noun (feminine)
  From root budh (to know, perceive).
  Root: budh (class 1)
• lābha – gain, acquisition, attainment, profit
  noun (masculine)
  From root labh (to obtain).
  Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Subject of syāt.

स्यात् (syāt) - should be, may be (may be, should be, would be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative active, 3rd person singular

From root as (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

परितप्य्येत (paritapyyeta) - should be distressed (should be distressed, should grieve, should be afflicted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of pari-tap

Optative middle, 3rd person singular (passive sense)

Root tap (to heat, suffer) with prefix pari (around, fully).

Prefix: pari

Root: tap (class 1)

केन (kena) - by what (by whom, by what)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Interrogative pronoun.

Note: Agent of paritapyyeta (passive construction).

सः (saḥ) - he (that person) (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of paritapyyeta.

सः (saḥ) - he (that person) (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of arhati.

एवम् (evam) - thus, even (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

Note: Modifies prāpya.

व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - calamity, misfortune (calamity, misfortune, disaster, addiction)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vyasana

vyasana - calamity, misfortune, disaster, distress, evil habit

From vi-as (to throw apart, fall into error).

Prefix: vi

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Object of prāpya.

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having encountered (having obtained, having reached, having encountered)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From prefix pra + root āp (to obtain, reach).

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

Note: Negates the verb arhati.

विषीदितुम् (viṣīditum) - to become dejected (to grieve, to be dejected, to despair)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From prefix vi + root sad (to sink down, be dejected). sad becomes ṣīd in certain contexts.

Prefix: vi

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Governed by arhati.

अर्हति (arhati) - he ought (he ought, he deserves, he is able)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present active indicative, 3rd person singular

From root arh (to deserve).

Root: arh (class 1)

Previous Verse Next Verse