बृहत्-पाराशर-होरा-शास्त्रम्
bṛhat-pārāśara-horā-śāstram
-
chapter-44, verse-12
उत्तमायुः शतादूर्ध्वं ज्ञातव्यं द्विजसत्तम ।
जनैर्विंशतिवर्षान्त्यमायुर्ज्ञातं न शक्यते ॥१२॥
जनैर्विंशतिवर्षान्त्यमायुर्ज्ञातं न शक्यते ॥१२॥
12. uttamāyuḥ śatādūrdhvaṃ jñātavyaṃ dvijasattama .
janairviṃśativarṣāntyamāyurjñātaṃ na śakyate.
janairviṃśativarṣāntyamāyurjñātaṃ na śakyate.
12.
uttamāyuḥ śatāt ūrdhvam jñātavyam dvijasattama
janaiḥ viṃśativarṣāntyam āyuḥ jñātam na śakyate
janaiḥ viṃśativarṣāntyam āyuḥ jñātam na śakyate
12.
O best among the twice-born (dvijasattama), it should be understood that the maximum lifespan extends above one hundred years. Nevertheless, people cannot determine a lifespan that concludes within twenty years.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- उत्तमायुः (uttamāyuḥ) - maximum lifespan, excellent age
- शतात् (śatāt) - from a hundred, beyond a hundred
- ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - above, upwards, beyond
- ज्ञातव्यम् (jñātavyam) - should be known, knowable, to be understood
- द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - Refers to Maitreya, Parashara's interlocutor. (O best among the twice-born, O excellent Brahmin)
- जनैः (janaiḥ) - by people
- विंशतिवर्षान्त्यम् (viṁśativarṣāntyam) - ending in twenty years, up to twenty years
- आयुः (āyuḥ) - lifespan, life
- ज्ञातम् (jñātam) - known, ascertained
- न (na) - not, no
- शक्यते (śakyate) - is possible, can be done
Words meanings and morphology
उत्तमायुः (uttamāyuḥ) - maximum lifespan, excellent age
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of uttamāyuḥ
uttamāyuḥ - excellent lifespan, highest age
Compound type : karmadhāraya (uttama+āyuḥ)
- uttama – best, excellent, highest
adjective (masculine)
superlative of ud-/ut - āyuḥ – life, lifespan, duration of life
noun (neuter)
शतात् (śatāt) - from a hundred, beyond a hundred
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of śata
śata - a hundred
ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - above, upwards, beyond
(indeclinable)
Note: Acts as an adverb here.
ज्ञातव्यम् (jñātavyam) - should be known, knowable, to be understood
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of jñātavya
jñātavya - to be known, knowable
Gerundive
formed from root jñā + tavya pratyaya
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Predicative adjective.
द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - Refers to Maitreya, Parashara's interlocutor. (O best among the twice-born, O excellent Brahmin)
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijasattama
dvijasattama - best among the twice-born, excellent Brahmin
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+sattama)
- dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, bird, tooth)
noun (masculine) - sattama – best, most excellent
adjective (masculine)
superlative of sat
Root: as (class 2)
जनैः (janaiḥ) - by people
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of jana
jana - person, people, man
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Agent in a passive construction.
विंशतिवर्षान्त्यम् (viṁśativarṣāntyam) - ending in twenty years, up to twenty years
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of viṃśativarṣāntya
viṁśativarṣāntya - ending with twenty years
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (viṃśati+varṣa+antya)
- viṃśati – twenty
numeral (feminine) - varṣa – year, rain
noun (neuter)
Root: vṛṣ (class 1) - antya – last, final, ending
adjective (neuter)
Root: ant
Note: Qualifies 'āyuḥ'.
आयुः (āyuḥ) - lifespan, life
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of āyuḥ
āyuḥ - life, lifespan, duration of life
Note: Subject of the passive verb 'śakyate'.
ज्ञातम् (jñātam) - known, ascertained
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of jñāta
jñāta - known, perceived
Past Passive Participle
Formed from root jñā + kta pratyaya
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Predicative participle.
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
Note: Negating particle.
शक्यते (śakyate) - is possible, can be done
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of śak
Present Middle
Passive of the root śak
Root: śak (class 5)
Note: The meaning is "it can be known."