मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-123, verse-11
गृहीतां दनुपुत्रेण दृढकेशेन दण्डिना ।
त्राहित्राहीति करुणं विक्रोशन्ती पुनः पुनः ॥११॥
त्राहित्राहीति करुणं विक्रोशन्ती पुनः पुनः ॥११॥
11. gṛhītāṃ danuputreṇa dṛḍhakeśena daṇḍinā .
trāhitrāhīti karuṇaṃ vikrośantī punaḥ punaḥ.
trāhitrāhīti karuṇaṃ vikrośantī punaḥ punaḥ.
11.
gṛhītām danuputreṇa dṛḍhakeśena daṇḍinā trāhi
trāhi iti karuṇam vikrośantī punaḥ punaḥ
trāhi iti karuṇam vikrośantī punaḥ punaḥ
11.
(He saw her) seized by a son of Danu, who had strong hair and carried a staff, crying out piteously, "Save! Save!" again and again.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- गृहीताम् (gṛhītām) - seized (seized, captured, taken)
- दनुपुत्रेण (danuputreṇa) - by a son of Danu (by a son of Danu, by a Daitya/demon)
- दृढकेशेन (dṛḍhakeśena) - by one with strong hair (by one with firm hair, by one with strong hair)
- दण्डिना (daṇḍinā) - by one carrying a staff (by one carrying a staff, by an ascetic)
- त्राहि (trāhi) - save! (save! protect!)
- त्राहि (trāhi) - save! (save! protect!)
- इति (iti) - thus, indicating direct speech (thus, so, indicates direct speech)
- करुणम् (karuṇam) - piteously (piteously, mournfully, compassionately)
- विक्रोशन्ती (vikrośantī) - crying out (crying out, screaming, wailing)
- पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, further, moreover)
- पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, further, moreover)
Words meanings and morphology
गृहीताम् (gṛhītām) - seized (seized, captured, taken)
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of gṛhīta
gṛhīta - seized, caught, taken, accepted
past passive participle
Past passive participle of √grah (to seize, take)
Root: grah (class 9)
Note: Qualifies 'kanyakām' from the previous verse.
दनुपुत्रेण (danuputreṇa) - by a son of Danu (by a son of Danu, by a Daitya/demon)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of danuputra
danuputra - son of Danu, a Daitya (demon)
Tatpurusha compound: Danu's son.
Compound type : genitive tatpurusha (danu+putra)
- danu – Danu (name of a goddess, mother of the Daityas)
proper noun (feminine) - putra – son
noun (masculine)
Note: Denotes the agent of seizing.
दृढकेशेन (dṛḍhakeśena) - by one with strong hair (by one with firm hair, by one with strong hair)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of dṛḍhakeśa
dṛḍhakeśa - having firm or strong hair
Bahuvrihi compound: 'whose hair is strong/firm'.
Compound type : bahuvrihi (dṛḍha+keśa)
- dṛḍha – firm, strong, solid
adjective (masculine)
Past passive participle of √dṛṃh (to make firm)
Root: dṛṃh (class 7) - keśa – hair (on the head)
noun (masculine)
Note: Qualifies 'danuputreṇa'.
दण्डिना (daṇḍinā) - by one carrying a staff (by one carrying a staff, by an ascetic)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of daṇḍin
daṇḍin - staff-bearer, a doorkeeper, a religious mendicant (sannyāsin), ascetic
Derived from 'daṇḍa' (staff) with suffix -in.
Note: Qualifies 'danuputreṇa'.
त्राहि (trāhi) - save! (save! protect!)
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of trā
imperative, 2nd person singular
Imperative, parasmaipada, 2nd person singular of √trā.
Root: trā (class 2)
Note: Used as an interjection.
त्राहि (trāhi) - save! (save! protect!)
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of trā
imperative, 2nd person singular
Imperative, parasmaipada, 2nd person singular of √trā.
Root: trā (class 2)
Note: Repetition for emphasis.
इति (iti) - thus, indicating direct speech (thus, so, indicates direct speech)
(indeclinable)
करुणम् (karuṇam) - piteously (piteously, mournfully, compassionately)
(indeclinable)
Note: Functions as an adverb here (adverbial accusative).
विक्रोशन्ती (vikrośantī) - crying out (crying out, screaming, wailing)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of vikrośat
vikrośat - crying out, screaming, wailing
present active participle
Feminine nominative singular of present active participle of √kruś (to cry, shout) with prefix 'vi-'.
Prefix: vi
Root: kruś (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'kanyakā' (understood from prev verse).
पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, further, moreover)
(indeclinable)
पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, further, moreover)
(indeclinable)
Note: Repetition emphasizes continuity/frequency.