मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-114, verse-31
तत्पुत्राश्चाल्पकास्तस्मात्तत्पौत्राश्चाल्पकाल्पकाः ।
कालेन ह्रासमासाद्य पुरुषात्पुरुषान्तरम् ॥३१॥
कालेन ह्रासमासाद्य पुरुषात्पुरुषान्तरम् ॥३१॥
31. tatputrāścālpakāstasmāttatpautrāścālpakālpakāḥ .
kālena hrāsamāsādya puruṣātpuruṣāntaram.
kālena hrāsamāsādya puruṣātpuruṣāntaram.
31.
tatputrāḥ ca alpakāḥ tasmāt tatpautrāḥ ca alpakālpakāḥ
| kālena hrāsam āsādya puruṣāt puruṣāntaram
| kālena hrāsam āsādya puruṣāt puruṣāntaram
31.
His sons were few, and his grandsons were even fewer, due to the gradual decrease (in power or numbers) that occurred over time, from one generation to the next.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तत्पुत्राः (tatputrāḥ) - his sons (the king mentioned previously) (his sons, their sons)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- अल्पकाः (alpakāḥ) - few (in number or power) (small, few, insignificant)
- तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, consequently (from that, therefore, consequently)
- तत्पौत्राः (tatpautrāḥ) - his grandsons (his grandsons, their grandsons)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- अल्पकाल्पकाः (alpakālpakāḥ) - even fewer, very few (very small, very few)
- कालेन (kālena) - by time, over time (by time, in course of time)
- ह्रासम् (hrāsam) - decrease, decline (in power or numbers) (diminution, decrease, decline)
- आसाद्य (āsādya) - having undergone, having obtained (having obtained, having reached, having met)
- पुरुषात् (puruṣāt) - from one person (to the next), from one generation (from a person, from a man)
- पुरुषान्तरम् (puruṣāntaram) - to another person (generation) (another person, to another person, from generation to generation)
Words meanings and morphology
तत्पुत्राः (tatputrāḥ) - his sons (the king mentioned previously) (his sons, their sons)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tatputra
tatputra - his son, their son
Compound type : tatpurusha (tad+putra)
- tad – that, his
pronoun (neuter) - putra – son, child
noun (masculine)
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
अल्पकाः (alpakāḥ) - few (in number or power) (small, few, insignificant)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of alpaka
alpaka - small, little, few, insignificant
diminutive of alpa
Note: Agrees with tatputrāḥ.
तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, consequently (from that, therefore, consequently)
(indeclinable)
derived from tad + smāt (ablative suffix)
तत्पौत्राः (tatpautrāḥ) - his grandsons (his grandsons, their grandsons)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tatpautra
tatpautra - his grandson
Compound type : tatpurusha (tad+pautra)
- tad – that, his
pronoun (neuter) - pautra – grandson
noun (masculine)
Note: Refers to the king's grandsons.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
अल्पकाल्पकाः (alpakālpakāḥ) - even fewer, very few (very small, very few)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of alpakālpaka
alpakālpaka - very small, very few, insignificant
Reduplication of 'alpaka' for emphasis.
Compound type : karmadharaya (alpaka+alpaka)
- alpaka – small, little, few, insignificant
adjective (masculine)
diminutive of alpa - alpaka – small, little, few, insignificant
adjective (masculine)
diminutive of alpa
Note: Agrees with tatpautrāḥ.
कालेन (kālena) - by time, over time (by time, in course of time)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāla
kāla - time, period
Root: kal (class 10)
Note: Means 'by means of time' or 'in due course of time'.
ह्रासम् (hrāsam) - decrease, decline (in power or numbers) (diminution, decrease, decline)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of hrāsa
hrāsa - diminution, decrease, decay
derived from hrās (to diminish)
Root: hrās (class 1)
Note: Object of āsādya.
आसाद्य (āsādya) - having undergone, having obtained (having obtained, having reached, having met)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
derived from ā-sad (to sit down upon, reach) + l-yap (absolutive suffix)
Prefix: ā
Root: sad (class 1)
Note: Denotes a preceding action.
पुरुषात् (puruṣāt) - from one person (to the next), from one generation (from a person, from a man)
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of puruṣa
puruṣa - man, human being, person, male
Note: Used in the idiom 'puruṣāt puruṣāntaram'.
पुरुषान्तरम् (puruṣāntaram) - to another person (generation) (another person, to another person, from generation to generation)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of puruṣāntara
puruṣāntara - another person, difference in persons
Compound type : tatpurusha (puruṣa+antara)
- puruṣa – man, human being, person
noun (masculine) - antara – other, different, interval
adjective (neuter)
Note: Acts as an adverb in the phrase 'puruṣāt puruṣāntaram'.