मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-114, verse-18
तं समभ्येति तन्न्यूनं कर्तृगामिफलं यतः ।
इति मत्वा समस्तेषु भो लोका हितबुद्धयः ॥१८॥
इति मत्वा समस्तेषु भो लोका हितबुद्धयः ॥१८॥
18. taṃ samabhyeti tannyūnaṃ kartṛgāmiphalaṃ yataḥ .
iti matvā samasteṣu bho lokā hitabuddhayaḥ.
iti matvā samasteṣu bho lokā hitabuddhayaḥ.
18.
tam samabhyeti tat nyūnam kartṛgāmiphalam yataḥ
iti matvā samasteṣu bho lokāḥ hitabuddhayaḥ
iti matvā samasteṣu bho lokāḥ hitabuddhayaḥ
18.
that very (harm) certainly returns to them, because the result always goes to the doer. Therefore, considering this, O people whose minds are set on welfare,
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तम् (tam) - that, him
- समभ्येति (samabhyeti) - comes back, approaches, reaches
- तत् (tat) - that
- न्यूनम् (nyūnam) - certainly, indeed, deficient, less
- कर्तृगामिफलम् (kartṛgāmiphalam) - the fruit/result that goes to the doer
- यतः (yataḥ) - because, since, from which
- इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, 'quote'
- मत्वा (matvā) - having thought, considering
- समस्तेषु (samasteṣu) - among all, in all, towards all
- भो (bho) - O! alas! (vocative particle)
- लोकाः (lokāḥ) - O people! O worlds!
- हितबुद्धयः (hitabuddhayaḥ) - O you whose minds are intent on welfare, O well-intentioned ones
Words meanings and morphology
तम् (tam) - that, him
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to the person, or the harm as object. Contextually, refers to the harm returning to the person.
समभ्येति (samabhyeti) - comes back, approaches, reaches
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of samabhyi
From root 'i' (to go) with prefixes 'sam' and 'abhi'.
Prefixes: sam+abhi
Root: i (class 2)
तत् (tat) - that
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to the 'kartṛgāmiphalam' (result that goes to the doer).
न्यूनम् (nyūnam) - certainly, indeed, deficient, less
(indeclinable)
Note: Used adverbially here, meaning 'certainly'.
कर्तृगामिफलम् (kartṛgāmiphalam) - the fruit/result that goes to the doer
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kartṛgāmiphala
kartṛgāmiphala - result that goes to the doer
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (kartṛgāmin+phala)
- kartṛgāmin – going to the doer, returning to the agent
adjective (masculine)
Agent noun + participle
From 'kartṛ' (doer) and 'gāmin' (going).
Root: gam (class 1) - phala – fruit, result, consequence
noun (neuter)
Note: It's the subject of the clause 'because the result goes to the doer'.
यतः (yataḥ) - because, since, from which
(indeclinable)
Note: Causal conjunction.
इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, 'quote'
(indeclinable)
मत्वा (matvā) - having thought, considering
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From root 'man' (to think) with suffix -tvā.
Root: man (class 4)
Note: Modifies the implied subject 'you (plural)'.
समस्तेषु (samasteṣu) - among all, in all, towards all
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, plural of samasta
samasta - all, entire, compound
Prefix: sam
Root: as (class 2)
Note: Here qualifying the implied 'beings' or 'people', meaning 'towards all beings'.
भो (bho) - O! alas! (vocative particle)
(indeclinable)
लोकाः (lokāḥ) - O people! O worlds!
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, plural of loka
loka - world, people, folk
Root: lok (class 1)
हितबुद्धयः (hitabuddhayaḥ) - O you whose minds are intent on welfare, O well-intentioned ones
(adjective)
Vocative, masculine, plural of hitabuddhi
hitabuddhi - one whose mind is set on welfare, well-intentioned
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hita+buddhi)
- hita – beneficial, good, welfare
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From root dhā 'to place' with upasarga hi 'indeed'.
Root: dhā (class 3) - buddhi – intellect, mind, understanding
noun (feminine)
From root 'budh' (to awaken, know).
Root: budh (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'lokāḥ'.