महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-50, verse-38

इत्युक्तस्तर्पयामास स पितॄन्देवतास्तथा ।
आहारमकरोन्नित्यं प्राणान्वेदांश्च धारयन् ॥३८॥

38. ityuktastarpayāmāsa sa pitṝndevatāstathā ,
āhāramakaronnityaṁ prāṇānvedāṁśca dhārayan.

38. iti uktaḥ saḥ pitṝn devatāḥ tathā āhāram
akarot nityam prāṇān vedān ca dhārayan

38. iti uktaḥ saḥ pitṝn tathā devatāḥ tarpayāmāsa.
prāṇān vedān ca dhārayan nityam āhāram akarot.

38. Thus addressed, he (Sarasvata) then propitiated the ancestors and the deities. Maintaining his vital breaths (prāṇas) and the Vedas, he partook of food daily.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus (having been said) (thus, in this manner)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - having been addressed (said, spoken)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Sarasvata) (he)

• तर्पयामास (tarpayāmāsa) - he propitiated (with offerings) (he satisfied, he propitiated)

• पितॄन् (pitṝn) - ancestors (ancestors, fathers)

• देवताः (devatāḥ) - deities (deities, gods)

• तथा (tathā) - and (and, thus, likewise)

• आहारम् (āhāram) - food (food, sustenance)

• अकरोत् (akarot) - he partook (of food) (he did, he made)

• नित्यम् (nityam) - daily (constantly, perpetually, daily)

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - his vital breaths (prāṇas) (vital breaths, life forces, lives)

• वेदान् (vedān) - the Vedas (Vedas (sacred texts))

• च (ca) - and

• धारयन् (dhārayan) - maintaining (maintaining, holding, sustaining)

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus (having been said) (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates the preceding speech has ended or is being referred to.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - having been addressed (said, spoken)

(Past Passive Participle)

Note: Qualifies saḥ.

सः (saḥ) - he (Sarasvata) (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Refers to Sarasvata Muni

तर्पयामास (tarpayāmāsa) - he propitiated (with offerings) (he satisfied, he propitiated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of tarpay

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, perfect active, causative of tṛp

Root: tṛp (class 4)

Note: Refers to the ritual offering to ancestors and deities.

पितॄन् (pitṝn) - ancestors (ancestors, fathers)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

Note: Object of tarpayāmāsa

देवताः (devatāḥ) - deities (deities, gods)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of devatā

devatā - deity, divinity, god/goddess

Derived from deva (god) with suffix -tā (feminine abstract noun)

Note: Object of tarpayāmāsa

तथा (tathā) - and (and, thus, likewise)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction

आहारम् (āhāram) - food (food, sustenance)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āhāra

āhāra - food, sustenance, diet

From root hṛ (to take, to carry) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of akarot

अकरोत् (akarot) - he partook (of food) (he did, he made)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular, imperfect active

Root: kṛ (class 8)

नित्यम् (nityam) - daily (constantly, perpetually, daily)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially as 'daily' or 'constantly'.

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - his vital breaths (prāṇas) (vital breaths, life forces, lives)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, vital air, life, spirit

From root an (to breathe) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Object of dhārayan. One of the terms specified for transliteration.

वेदान् (vedān) - the Vedas (Vedas (sacred texts))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of veda

veda - knowledge, sacred knowledge, the Vedas

From root vid (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Object of dhārayan.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction, appears after the second item it connects.

धारयन् (dhārayan) - maintaining (maintaining, holding, sustaining)

(Present Active Participle)

Note: Acts as an adjective modifying the subject 'he' (saḥ)