महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-50, verse-3

यत्र द्वादशवार्षिक्यामनावृष्ट्यां द्विजोत्तमान् ।
वेदानध्यापयामास पुरा सारस्वतो मुनिः ॥३॥

3. yatra dvādaśavārṣikyāmanāvṛṣṭyāṁ dvijottamān ,
vedānadhyāpayāmāsa purā sārasvato muniḥ.

3. yatra dvādaśavārṣikyām anāvṛṣṭyām dvijottamān
vedān adhyāpayāmāsa purā sārasvataḥ muniḥ

3. purā sārasvataḥ muniḥ yatra dvādaśavārṣikyām
anāvṛṣṭyām dvijottamān vedān adhyāpayāmāsa

3. In ancient times, where the sage Sārasvata taught the Vedas to the best of the twice-born (dvija) during a twelve-year drought.

Words meanings summery:

• यत्र (yatra) - where

• द्वादशवार्षिक्याम् (dvādaśavārṣikyām) - during a twelve-year drought (during a twelve-year period, relating to twelve years)

• अनावृष्ट्याम् (anāvṛṣṭyām) - in a drought, in a period of no rain

• द्विजोत्तमान् (dvijottamān) - to the best of Brahmins (to the best of the twice-born)

• वेदान् (vedān) - the Vedas (sacred texts)

• अध्यापयामास (adhyāpayāmāsa) - taught, caused to study

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times, previously

• सारस्वतः (sārasvataḥ) - Sārasvata (proper name of a sage)

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic

Words meanings and morphology

यत्र (yatra) - where

(indeclinable)

Locative case form of the pronominal stem 'ya', used as an adverb.

द्वादशवार्षिक्याम् (dvādaśavārṣikyām) - during a twelve-year drought (during a twelve-year period, relating to twelve years)

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of dvādaśavārṣika

dvādaśavārṣika - twelve-yearly, lasting twelve years

Compound of 'dvādaśa' (twelve) and 'vārṣika' (yearly).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dvādaśa+vārṣika)

• dvādaśa – twelve
  numeral
• vārṣika – yearly, annual, lasting for a year
  adjective (neuter)
  Derived from 'varṣa' (year) with suffix 'ika'.

अनावृष्ट्याम् (anāvṛṣṭyām) - in a drought, in a period of no rain

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of anāvṛṣṭi

anāvṛṣṭi - drought, absence of rain

Compound of 'an-' (negative prefix) and 'āvṛṣṭi' (rain).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+āvṛṣṭi)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• āvṛṣṭi – rain, shower
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root 'vṛṣ' (to rain) with prefix 'ā'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

द्विजोत्तमान् (dvijottamān) - to the best of Brahmins (to the best of the twice-born)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dvijottama

dvijottama - best of the twice-born

Compound of 'dvija' (twice-born) and 'uttama' (best).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+uttama)

• dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth, snake
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of 'dvi' (twice) and 'ja' (born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• uttama – best, highest, foremost, excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative form of 'ud' (up, out).

वेदान् (vedān) - the Vedas (sacred texts)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of veda

veda - knowledge, sacred knowledge, Veda

Derived from root 'vid' (to know).

Root: vid (class 2)

अध्यापयामास (adhyāpayāmāsa) - taught, caused to study

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of adhyāpay

Causative stem

Causative stem of root 'ī' (to go) with prefixes 'adhi' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: adhi+ā

Root: ī (class 2)

पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times, previously

(indeclinable)

सारस्वतः (sārasvataḥ) - Sārasvata (proper name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sārasvata

sārasvata - relating to Sarasvatī, descendant of Sarasvatī; name of a sage

Derived from 'Sarasvatī'.

मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer, saint