महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-50, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
यत्रेजिवानुडुपती राजसूयेन भारत ।
तस्मिन्वृत्ते महानासीत्संग्रामस्तारकामयः ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
yatrejivānuḍupatī rājasūyena bhārata ,
tasminvṛtte mahānāsītsaṁgrāmastārakāmayaḥ.

1. vaiśampāyanaḥ uvāca yatra ījivān uḍupatiḥ rājasūyena
bhārata tasmin vṛtte mahān āsīt saṃgrāmaḥ tārakāmayaḥ

1. vaiśampāyanaḥ uvāca he bhārata,
yatra uḍupatiḥ rājasūyena ījivān,
tasmin vṛtte mahān tārakāmayaḥ saṃgrāmaḥ āsīt

1. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: O Bhārata, where the moon (Uḍupati), the lord of the stars, had performed the Rājasūya Vedic ritual (yajña) – when that (ritual) was completed, a great war known as Tārakāmaya occurred.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (the narrator) (Vaiśampāyana (a proper noun))

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, he spoke)

• यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which place, when, in which case)

• ईजिवान् (ījivān) - had performed a Vedic ritual (having performed a yajña/ritual)

• उडुपतिः (uḍupatiḥ) - the moon (Uḍupati) (lord of stars, the moon)

• राजसूयेन (rājasūyena) - by means of the Rājasūya Vedic ritual (yajña) (by the Rājasūya ritual)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (vocative, addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Janamejaya) (O descendant of Bharata, O Indian)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when that (ritual) (in that, on that)

• वृत्ते (vṛtte) - when completed (happened, occurred, completed (locative singular))

• महान् (mahān) - a great (great, large, mighty)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - occurred (lit. 'there was') (it was, there was)

• संग्रामः (saṁgrāmaḥ) - a war (battle, war, conflict)

• तारकामयः (tārakāmayaḥ) - known as Tārakāmaya (a specific war) (named Tārakāmaya, consisting of stars)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (the narrator) (Vaiśampāyana (a proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśampāyana

vaiśampāyana - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, disciple of Vyāsa, narrator of the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect indicative (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative

From root vac (to speak), Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, perfect tense.

Root: vac (class 2)

यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which place, when, in which case)

(indeclinable)

ईजिवान् (ījivān) - had performed a Vedic ritual (having performed a yajña/ritual)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ījivat

ījivat - having performed a yajña/ritual, worshipped

Perfect Active Participle

From root yaj (to perform Vedic rituals), perfect active participle, Parasmaipada form.

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'uḍupatiḥ'.

उडुपतिः (uḍupatiḥ) - the moon (Uḍupati) (lord of stars, the moon)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uḍupati

uḍupati - lord of stars, the moon

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (uḍu+pati)

• uḍu – star, asterism
  noun (neuter)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

राजसूयेन (rājasūyena) - by means of the Rājasūya Vedic ritual (yajña) (by the Rājasūya ritual)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rājasūya

rājasūya - a grand imperial Vedic ritual, an inauguration ceremony for a king

Compound of rājan (king) and sūya (related to Soma ritual or anointing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+sūya)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• sūya – impelling, Soma ritual
  noun (masculine)
  From root su (to press out Soma juice).
  Root: su (class 2)

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (vocative, addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Janamejaya) (O descendant of Bharata, O Indian)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, Indian

Patronymic from Bharata.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when that (ritual) (in that, on that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Modifies 'vṛtte'.

वृत्ते (vṛtte) - when completed (happened, occurred, completed (locative singular))

(participle)

Locative, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - occurred, happened, completed, been

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛt (to be, to happen).

Root: vṛt (class 1)

महान् (mahān) - a great (great, large, mighty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, mighty

Note: Modifies 'saṃgrāmaḥ'.

आसीत् (āsīt) - occurred (lit. 'there was') (it was, there was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect indicative (laṅ) of as

Imperfect Active Indicative

From root as (to be), Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, imperfect tense.

Root: as (class 2)

संग्रामः (saṁgrāmaḥ) - a war (battle, war, conflict)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, war, conflict, struggle

From prefix sam- (together) + root gram (to go, to fight).

Prefix: sam

Root: gram (class 1)

तारकामयः (tārakāmayaḥ) - known as Tārakāmaya (a specific war) (named Tārakāmaya, consisting of stars)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tārakāmaya

tārakāmaya - related to Tāraka (a demon), consisting of stars

From Tāraka (name of a demon) + mayat suffix (made of, consisting of). Contextually refers to a specific war.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tāraka+maya)

• tāraka – star, pupil of the eye, a demon
  noun (masculine)
• maya – consisting of, made of
  suffix (masculine)
  Suffix indicating 'made of' or 'full of'.

Note: Modifies 'saṃgrāmaḥ'.