महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-50, verse-22

एष द्वादशवार्षिक्यामनावृष्ट्यां द्विजर्षभान् ।
सारस्वतो महाभागे वेदानध्यापयिष्यति ॥२२॥

22. eṣa dvādaśavārṣikyāmanāvṛṣṭyāṁ dvijarṣabhān ,
sārasvato mahābhāge vedānadhyāpayiṣyati.

22. eṣa dvādaśavārṣikyām anāvṛṣṭyām dvijarṣabhān
sārasvataḥ mahābhāge vedān adhyāpayiṣyati

22. mahābhāge eṣa sārasvataḥ dvādaśavārṣikyām
anāvṛṣṭyām dvijarṣabhān vedān adhyāpayiṣyati

22. O highly revered one (mahābhāge), this Sarasvata will teach the Vedas to the foremost Brahmins (dvija) during a twelve-year drought.

Words meanings summery:

• एष (eṣa) - Referring to Sarasvata, the son. (this, this one)

• द्वादशवार्षिक्याम् (dvādaśavārṣikyām) - in the twelve-year long (drought)

• अनावृष्ट्याम् (anāvṛṣṭyām) - in the drought, in the absence of rain

• द्विजर्षभान् (dvijarṣabhān) - the best of Brahmins (dvija), the eminent Brahmins

• सारस्वतः (sārasvataḥ) - The proper name of the son. (Sarasvata (name), related to Sarasvatī)

• महाभागे (mahābhāge) - O highly revered one, O greatly fortunate one

• वेदान् (vedān) - the Vedas

• अध्यापयिष्यति (adhyāpayiṣyati) - he will teach

Words meanings and morphology

एष (eṣa) - Referring to Sarasvata, the son. (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one, he

द्वादशवार्षिक्याम् (dvādaśavārṣikyām) - in the twelve-year long (drought)

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of dvādaśavārṣikī

dvādaśavārṣikī - lasting twelve years, twelve-yearly (feminine)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dvādaśa+vārṣika)

• dvādaśa – twelve
  numeral
• vārṣika – yearly, annual, of a year
  adjective

अनावृष्ट्याम् (anāvṛṣṭyām) - in the drought, in the absence of rain

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of anāvṛṣṭi

anāvṛṣṭi - drought, absence of rain, lack of rain

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+āvṛṣṭi)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• āvṛṣṭi – rain, shower, rainfall
  noun (feminine)
  action noun
  Derived from the root vṛṣ ('to rain') with the prefix ā- and the suffix -ti.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

द्विजर्षभान् (dvijarṣabhān) - the best of Brahmins (dvija), the eminent Brahmins

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dvijarṣabha

dvijarṣabha - best of the twice-born (dvija), eminent Brahmin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+ṛṣabha)

• dvija – twice-born, Brahmin, bird, snake (dvija)
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, excellent, chief
  noun (masculine)

सारस्वतः (sārasvataḥ) - The proper name of the son. (Sarasvata (name), related to Sarasvatī)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sārasvata

sārasvata - relating to Sarasvatī, descendant of Sarasvatī, name of a sage

महाभागे (mahābhāge) - O highly revered one, O greatly fortunate one

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of mahābhāgā

mahābhāgā - greatly fortunate, highly revered, illustrious (feminine)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+bhāga)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bhāga – fortune, share, portion, lot
  noun (masculine)

वेदान् (vedān) - the Vedas

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of veda

veda - Veda (sacred texts of Hinduism), knowledge, sacred knowledge

अध्यापयिष्यति (adhyāpayiṣyati) - he will teach

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future indicative (lṛṭ) of adhyāpay

Causative verb

Derived from the root i ('to go, study') with prefixes adhi- and ā-, and causative suffix -āpay.

Prefixes: adhi+ā

Root: i (class 2)