महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-46, verse-5

अग्रगं धार्तराष्ट्राणां सर्वेषां शर्म वर्म च ।
रक्षितं वृषसेनेन सुषेणेन च धन्विना ॥५॥

5. agragaṁ dhārtarāṣṭrāṇāṁ sarveṣāṁ śarma varma ca ,
rakṣitaṁ vṛṣasenena suṣeṇena ca dhanvinā.

5. agragam dhārtarāṣṭrāṇām sarveṣām śarma varma
ca rakṣitam vṛṣasenena suṣeṇena ca dhanvinā

5. sarveṣām dhārtarāṣṭrāṇām agragam ca śarma
varma rakṣitam vṛṣasenena ca dhanvinā suṣeṇena

5. He is the foremost among all the Dhārtarāṣṭras, their protection and their armor, guarded by Vṛṣasena and by the archer Suṣeṇa.

Words meanings summery:

• अग्रगम् (agragam) - foremost, leading, preceding

• धार्तराष्ट्राणाम् (dhārtarāṣṭrāṇām) - of the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

• शर्म (śarma) - protection, refuge, happiness, well-being

• वर्म (varma) - armor, shield

• च (ca) - and

• रक्षितम् (rakṣitam) - protected, guarded

• वृषसेनेन (vṛṣasenena) - by Vṛṣasena

• सुषेणेन (suṣeṇena) - by Suṣeṇa

• च (ca) - and

• धन्विना (dhanvinā) - by the archer, by the bowman

Words meanings and morphology

अग्रगम् (agragam) - foremost, leading, preceding

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of agraga

agraga - going first, foremost, leader

compound of agra and ga (from gam)

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (agra+ga)

• agra – front, foremost, tip
  noun (neuter)
• ga – going, moving
  adjective
  agent noun from gam
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied object 'mahāratham' from the previous verse.

धार्तराष्ट्राणाम् (dhārtarāṣṭrāṇām) - of the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - descendant/son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

ṭaka suffix from Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Note: Refers to Duryodhana and his brothers.

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with 'dhārtarāṣṭrāṇām'.

शर्म (śarma) - protection, refuge, happiness, well-being

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śarman

śarman - protection, shelter, happiness, joy

Note: Used predicatively, describing the charioteer.

वर्म (varma) - armor, shield

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of varman

varman - armor, shield, protection

Note: Used predicatively, describing the charioteer.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

रक्षितम् (rakṣitam) - protected, guarded

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rakṣita

rakṣita - protected, guarded, preserved

past passive participle

from root rakṣ

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Past passive participle, agreeing with the implied object (Karṇa).

वृषसेनेन (vṛṣasenena) - by Vṛṣasena

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vṛṣasena

vṛṣasena - Vṛṣasena (son of Karṇa)

Note: Agent of 'rakṣitam'.

सुषेणेन (suṣeṇena) - by Suṣeṇa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of suṣeṇa

suṣeṇa - Suṣeṇa (a warrior, often associated with Karṇa's side)

Note: Agent of 'rakṣitam'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

धन्विना (dhanvinā) - by the archer, by the bowman

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhanvin

dhanvin - archer, bowman, possessing a bow

from dhanus (bow) with -in suffix

Note: Adjective modifying 'Suṣeṇena'.